Thursday, November-15-18 Closing the Gap

Context, Interpretations & Ideas Mark Scheme Level 4 (16 – 20 marks) Level 3 (11 – 15 marks) Level 2 (6 – 10 marks) Level 1 (1 – 5 marks) Type of Response Clear, sustained and consistent Explanatory in parts Relevant and supported by some explanation Narrative and/or descriptive in approach Approach to Task A focused response to the full task which demonstrates clear understanding Focuses on the task with a range of points Some focus on the task with relevant comments May include awareness of the task Reference/Evidence Uses a range of references effectively to illustrate and justify explanation Relevant references from the text Some supporting references from text Appropriate reference to text Analysis Clear explanation of the effects of a range of writer’s methods Identification of effects of a range of writer’s methods Identification of effects of deliberate choices made by the writer Simple identification of method Subject Terminology Appropriate use of subject terminology Relevant use of subject terminology Some reference to subject terminology Possible reference to subject terminology Context, Interpretations & Ideas Clear understanding of ideas/perspectives/ contextual factors. Explanation of some relevant contextual factors. Awareness of some contextual factors. Simple comments/ responses to context, usually explicit.

Context, Interpretations & Ideas Mark Scheme Level 4 (16 – 20 marks) Type of Response Clear, sustained and consistent Approach to Task A focused response to the full task which demonstrates clear understanding Reference/Evidence Uses a range of references effectively to illustrate and justify explanation Analysis Clear explanation of the effects of a range of writer’s methods Subject Terminology Appropriate use of subject terminology Context, Interpretations & Ideas Clear understanding of ideas/perspectives/ contextual factors. Answer directly the essay question Focus on your point throughout the paragraph Repeat keywords Use 2-3 quotations to support your point Explain the connection between the point and the evidence Discuss how the evidence links to the themes/symbols of the novel Explain the purpose of the techniques in your evidence (find 2-3 techniques) Explain the connotations of the keywords in your evidence, and link them to the point (2-3 words) Link the evidence to the context of 1954 (Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory, the importance of the British Empire, World War II) Use specific words to answer your question (author, connotations, chapter, themes, symbols, characters)

How does Golding present Psychoanalysis in the novel? In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses the character of Simon to symbolise the ego – a part of our personality which, according to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis theory, balances the wild part – the id – and the realistic part of our personality – the superego. This is evident when Simon chooses to speak up at the meeting about the boys’ fear of the Beast, saying "maybe there is a beast. […] What I mean is . . . maybe it's only us." Since Simon symbolises the ego, this moment shows us that Simon, just like the ego, balances the boys’ fears. While he relates to the wilder and more degenerated side of the boys by admitting there is a creature like the Beast, he also leans towards the more logical side of the argument, by suggesting a realistic solution, saying the Beast is really their fear, inside of them. His balanced statement could both raise the boys’ awareness to the dangers of the island, but could also calm them down and show them that there is nothing to fear but fear itself. By repeating the word “maybe,” Simon shows that life on the island is not black or white, but rather a balanced mixture of both outside threats, as well as threats from the inside. Simon also tries to balance the boys’ fear by stating that it is “only us,” meaning that the Beast is only in their own imagination, as well as the fact that they are alone on the island, and they could only survive by balancing their immature personalities with the adult responsibilities of survival. Golding would choose to present Simon as the ego to provide a balance to both Ralph, as the superego, and Jack, as the id. While both of the boys are busy fighting over leadership, hunting, and shelters, Simon is observing from the side, offering advice only if he finds it necessary. In addition, by presenting Simon as a balance between savagery and civilisation, Golding could be using him to represent Jesus and his teachings. Jesus was presented as a fair and balanced figure, who helped those in need and fought abusers. This way, Simon is a balancing figure, just like him. How does Golding present Psychoanalysis in the novel? Answer directly the essay question Focus on your point throughout the paragraph Repeat keywords Use 2-3 quotations to support your point Explain the connection between the point and the evidence Discuss how the evidence links to the themes/symbols of the novel Explain the purpose of the techniques in your evidence (find 2-3 techniques) Explain the connotations of the keywords in your evidence, and link them to the point (2-3 words) Link the evidence to the context of 1954 (Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory, the importance of the British Empire, World War II) Use specific words to answer your question (author, connotations, chapter, themes, symbols, characters)