Antarctica and New Zealand & Oceania Australia Antarctica and New Zealand & Oceania

Australia Australia is a country, and an island. It is located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. Highest Point: Mount Kosciuszko at 7,313 feet (2,229 m) Lowest Point: Lake Eyre

Australia it has the world's thirteenth largest economy. It is known for a high life expectancy, its education, quality of life, biodiversity and tourism. Natural Resources – gold , iron ore, uranium Most rain is in the north region

Government Today Australia, officially called the Commonwealth of Australia, is a federal parliamentary democracy (constitutional monarchy )and a Commonwealth realm. It has an executive branch with Queen Elizabeth II as the Chief of State as well as a separate prime minister as head of government.

Aborigines The first inhabitants of Australia were the Aborigines, who migrated there at least 40,000 years ago from Southeast Asia. There may have been between a half million to a full million Aborigines at the time of European settlement; today about 350,000 live in Australia. Aborigines make up 2% of Australia's population today.

Size It is the 6th largest country in the world, occupying an entire continent of some 7.6 million square kilometers. 2) It has the world's 3rd largest ocean territory, spanning three oceans and covering around 12 million square kilometers.

Economy Australia has a strong economy due to its extensive natural resources, well developed industry and tourism. The main industries in Australia are mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals and steel manufacturing.

Australia Australia is the smallest inhabited continent of the seven continents. In fact it is an island continent. The country is divided into six states (Southern Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania) and two self-governing territories: Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory (which is around Canberra, the capital city). 

Cities The main cities in Australia are: Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Brisbane, Darwin, Adelaide, Hobar Canberra (capital city).

Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef in Eastern Australia is the biggest coral reef in the world. The reef consists of more than 3,000 reefs in which live more than 350 species of corals and over 1,500 species of fish. it stretches over an area of 133,000 square miles It is a World Heritage site along the northeast coast by the United Nations

Australia - Many in Australia over graze which causes soil salinity and worsens the soil Great Dividing Range – a chain of hills and mountains Natural resources – gold, iron ore and uranium

Antarctica Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth. The South Pole is found in Antarctica. Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean.

Antarctica Antarctica is bigger than Europe and almost double the size of Australia. Because it experiences such little rain, Antarctica is considered a desert. Textbook page 819

Antarctica Antarctica is the highest, driest, windiest, emptiest, coldest place on earth. There are lots of penguins, whales, seals, krill (the main food for whales), and even fish in Antarctica's waters, but there are no land mammals and, as far as scientists know, no native peoples.

Antarctica - Seasons The seasons in Antarctica are the opposite of the seasons in the Northern hemisphere--summer is October through February. Winter is March through September

New Zealand the official spoken languages of New Zealand are English In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world to give all women the right to vote. Capital – Wellington Climate – humid and mild

New Zealand located in the South Island, the highest mountain in New Zealand is Mount Cook which reaches 3,754 meters (12,316 ft.) in height. Active volcano is Mt. Ruapehu Gondwana – early supercontinent of both Australia and New Zealand. This resulted in the survival of animal and plant species

New Zealand Major exports are dairy and lamb Indigenous people are called Maori Both Australia and New Zealand have blends of indigenous European and Asian cultures 1st country to give women the right to vote Matrilineal – family ancestry is traced through the mothers family

Government New Zealand, a parliamentary democracy (constitutional monarchy) modeled on that of the United Kingdom, has been a self-governing British dominion since 1907. It became a founding member of the British Commonwealth in 1926.

Question in notebook page 774-775 Australia and New Zealand indigenous peoples

Oceania

Islands of Oceania Guam – U.S. territory Fuji Easter Island – 1200 miles from another island Papua New Guinea – largest country Soloman Islands French Polynesia and Tahati (French)

Water - Oceania Pacific Ocean Hawaii – highest point is Mt. Kea The highlands have freshwater The lowlands have no fresh water sources Equator marks the division between the North and South Pacific

Culture Oceania French and English are spoken – variety of cultures and languages spoken Religions – Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism Economy – relies on tourism and coconuts and bananas are grown on low islands Melanesian – island group first settled by humans