Learning a Foreign Language Learning a Foreign Language New Horizon English Unit One Section A Learning a Foreign Language Learning a Foreign Language Learning a Foreign Language Learning a Foreign Language Learning a Foreign Language

Pre-reading Activities Section A Learning a Foreign Language Pre-reading Activities Text Study Writing Skills Summary

Pre-reading Activities Text Summary Writing Home Pre-reading Activities Background Information Compound Dictation Watch & Discuss

New Horizon College English Text Summary Writing Home New Horizon College English The current online EFL learning course for college students, the first and most comprehensive of its kind and the most up-to-date web-based courses for college-level English learners. Refer to http://www.nhce.edu.cn for details. 复合听写 视频讨论

Text Summary Writing Home Online Learning A form of distance education that makes use of the Internet. The website http://www.ion.uillinois.edu /resources/tutorials/overview/index.asp tells you about the strengths and weaknesses of online learning and some other related questions. 复合听写 视频讨论

Text Summary Writing Home Compound Dictation You will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S8 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S9 to S11 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Now listen to the passage. 背景知识 视频讨论 6

Security involve Director calls aims instruction graduate Text Summary Writing Home Compound Dictation President Bush has proposed to increase the study of foreign languages in American schools. The new plan is called the National[S1] _______ Language Initiative. It will[S2] ______ the departments of State, Education and Defense, and the[S3] _______ of National Intelligence. The plan [S4] ____ for teaching foreign languages to more children, as early as at the age of four. It also[S5] ____ to increase foreign language [S6] _________ in college and[S7] ________ school. Security involve Director calls aims instruction graduate 复合听写 视频讨论 7

Text Summary Writing Home Compound Dictation The hope is to bring more foreign language speakers into government [S8] ______. And [S9] ____________ _____________________________________ to increase the number of military officers who speak foreign languages. Officials say [S10] _____________________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________________. it calls for expanding an effort begun three years ago service money would be used to help foreign-language students pay for their education in exchange for future service 复合听写 视频讨论 8

Text Summary Writing Home Compound Dictation The plan also calls for sending more American students to other countries for part of their college studies. And [S11] ______________________________ ____________________________________________. it calls for bringing more foreign language teaching assistants to the United States 复合听写 视频讨论 9

Watch & Discuss What insight can we get from the video? Text Summary Writing Home Watch & Discuss Directions: Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows: What insight can we get from the video? 2. What new light does the video throw on our English study? Video Watching 背景知识 复合听力 10

Text Study New Words Structure & Main Ideas Text Reading 1 3 Pre-reading Summary Writing Home Text Study New Words 1 3 2 Structure & Main Ideas Text Reading

Word Using A Mini-Test New Words and Expressions Pre-reading Summary Writing Home New Words and Expressions Word Using A Mini-Test Structure Text Reading

I. Word Using Phrases 1. reward v. Pre-reading Summary Writing Home I. Word Using 1. reward v. give sth. in return for good Phrases reward sb. with sth.; reward sb. for sth; e.g. Larry complimented her and was rewarded with a smile. She was generously rewarded for her work.

sth. received in return for work or services Language Points —Word Using 1. reward n. sth. received in return for work or services Translation 他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。 Key He received a medal as a reward for his bravery.

worth doing, satisfying Language Points —Word Using 1. rewarding a. worth doing, satisfying e.g. Teaching can be a very rewarding career. Use It What job do you think is the most rewarding one?

Use It 2. frustrate v. ① to cause sb. to feel angry or disappointed Language Points —Word Using 2. frustrate v. ① to cause sb. to feel angry or disappointed Use It — Was there anything making you frustrated? — I was frustrated by… 近义、同义词 discourage; disappoint; upset; annoy

② to prevent someone’s plans, efforts from succeeding Language Points —Word Using 2. frustrate ② to prevent someone’s plans, efforts from succeeding Translation The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. Key 恶劣的天气使我们出门的希望化为泡影。

Translation Key 3. positive adj. ① effective; helpful Language Points —Word Using 3. positive adj. ① effective; helpful 别只是看着我，给我提些积极的建议吧。 Translation Key Don’t just watch me; give me some positive advice.

Collocation ② definite and clear answers orders instructions Language Points —Word Using 3. positive ② definite and clear Collocation answers orders instructions proof/evidence attitude method positive 反义词 negative (消极的，负面的，否定的)

The most disabled person in the world is a negative thinker. Language Points —Word Using The most disabled person in the world is a negative thinker.

Use It Tips 4. communicate v. exchange ideas Language Points —Word Using 4. communicate v. exchange ideas Use It How do deaf people communicate? When do you communicate with your parents? Tips sign language; … when I have trouble… can’t understand…

Collocation 5. access n. way of entering, right of using and reaching Language Points —Word Using 5. access n. way of entering, right of using and reaching e.g. The only access to that building was guarded by the soldiers. Collocation have/gain/get/obtain access to 得接近；得进入；得使用

Translation Key 6. participate v. take part or become involved in… Language Points —Word Using 6. participate v. take part or become involved in… e.g. How many countries will be participating in the Beijing Olympic Games? Translation 班上的每一个同学都要参加英语朗诵比赛。 Key Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the English recitation contest.

Use It advantage; good effect; v. be helpful e.g. Language Points —Word Using 7. embarrass n. advantage; good effect; v. be helpful e.g. The old woman’s blunt questions embarrassed her, making her momentarily tongue-tied. Use It What, in your life, has made you feel most embarrassed? Share your story with your partner.

Collocation get sth. as a reward e.g. Language Points —Word Using 8. reap the benefit of get sth. as a reward e.g. As long as you get regular exercise, you can reap the benefits of being fit. Don’t let others reap the benefits of your research. Collocation reap the benefit/reward/profit/fruit of

Use It Phrases 9. benefit n. advantage; good effect; v. be helpful Language Points —Word Using 9. benefit n. advantage; good effect; v. be helpful e.g. She has had the benefit of a first class education. Use It What can you benefit from learning English? Phrases for sb.’s benefit 为了……的利益 benefit from 得益于

Use It Tips 10. favorite adj. most loved; Language Points —Word Using 10. favorite adj. most loved; n. sth. that is loved above all others Use It What is your favorite music? What kind of movie is your favorite? Tips rock and roll, country music, classical music, folk songs… ; detective story, science fiction, cartoon, kungfu, love story…

Language Points —Word Using II. A mini-test 1. The people living in these apartments have free ____ to that swimming pool. A. assess B. excess C. process D. access 2. The two friends haven’t ______ with each other. A. associated B. wrote C. communicated D. heard

4. Teachers have free _______ to the library. A. accuse B. accessible Language Points —Word Using 3. If you get up early and run every day, you will ______ a lot from it. A. profit B. benefit C. derive D. receive 4. Teachers have free _______ to the library. A. accuse B. accessible C. access D. approach

5. You can learn anything with a _______ attitude. Language Points —Word Using 5. You can learn anything with a _______ attitude. A. positive B. constructive C. negative D. sensitive 6. High interest rates _______ people from borrowing money. A. frustrate B. discourage C. disappoint D. disturb

7. He felt _________ when he found he had Language Points —Word Using 7. He felt _________ when he found he had difficulty with most of the math problem. A. frightened B. terrified C. encouraged D. frustrated 8. Why can’t you do this small _____ for me? I’ve helped you often in the past. A. favorite B. favorable C. favor D. demand

9. His attitude to work mainly depends on ______ from the work. Language Points —Word Using 9. His attitude to work mainly depends on ______ from the work. A. the offer B. the award C. the reward D. the reflection 10. The students were participating _________ an international energy-saving competition between towns in New England and Canada. A. for B. to C. in D. at

Structure & Main Ideas Structure & Main Ideas Structure & Main Ideas Part I Part II Part III The passage is made up of 8 paragraphs, and, according to the pattern “general-specific-general” the author mainly employs in his writing, it can be roughly divided into three parts.

Structure & Main Ideas Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Part I Part II Part III [Para. 1]

Structure & Main Ideas The author tells in sequence of time and space about his experiences with the regular course in middle schools and at college as well as with the online course.   Part I Part II Part III [Para. 2-7]

Structure & Main Ideas Learning English pays me off: the value of hard work, insights into other cultures, new ways of seeing things, the ability to bridge the gap between different cultures. Part I Part II Part III [Para. 8]

to be well worth (the effort) 很值得······（去努力） Text Reading to be well worth (the effort) 很值得······（去努力） 凡是值得做的事情都应做好。 whatever/be well worth doing Whatever is well worth doing should be done well. 37

你今天最得意的可能会成为你明天最后悔的。 Text Reading 名列前茅， 处于······的顶点 be at the top of 你今天最得意的可能会成为你明天最后悔的。 at the top of one’s pride/turn out/at the top of one’s regret What is at the top of your pride today may turn out to be at the top of your regret tomorrow. 38

(not) to lose my desire/ eagerness to do sth. 没有/失去做某事的欲望······ Text Reading (not) to lose my desire/ eagerness to do sth. 没有/失去做某事的欲望······ 一个接一个的失败使他失去了继续此项研究的欲望。 one after another/go on with One failure after another made him lose the eagerness to go on with the research. 39

生活中不尽人意的事很多，关键是我们怎么看待。 Text Reading 远不尽人意 to be far from perfect 生活中不尽人意的事很多，关键是我们怎么看待。 in life/far from perfect/ the key point / how to view sth. There are many things far from perfect in life, but the key point is how to view them. 40

to stay at the same level forever 停滞不前 Text Reading to stay at the same level forever 停滞不前 对于一个民族而言，停滞不前就是落后。 stay at the same level/be equal to/fall behind For a nation, staying at the same level is equal to falling behind. 41

那些经常接触国家机密的人一定得守口如瓶。 Text Reading to get access to 用/接触 那些经常接触国家机密的人一定得守口如瓶。 get constant access to sth./state secrets/keep one’s mouth shut Those who get constant access to state secrets must be the ones who keep their mouths shut. 42

to keep up with/work harder Text Reading to keep up with… 跟上······ 你要赶上别人就得比别人更加努力。 to keep up with/work harder To keep up with others, you have to work harder than others. 43

to meet the minimum standards 满足最低限度/要求 Text Reading to meet the minimum standards 满足最低限度/要求 要想成为一名军人，就必须满足军队规定的体格要求。 become a serviceman/meet physical standards/set by the army To become a serviceman, one must meet certain physical standards set by the army. 44

她从网络游戏中获得了很多的乐趣, 根本不想上学了。 Text Reading to feel like doing sth. 想做某事 她从网络游戏中获得了很多的乐趣, 根本不想上学了。 online games/get fun out of sth./feel like She got so much fun out of online games that she did not feel like going to school at all. 45

not to trade/exchange/ give sth. for anything 拿什么都不换 Text Reading not to trade/exchange/ give sth. for anything 拿什么都不换 一个人可倾其所有与其所求进行交易，但不可用尊严而为之。 all one has/what one wants/dignity One can trade all one has but dignity for what one wants. 46

Summary 1 2 3 English Equivalents of Chinese Creative Application Pre-reading Text Writing Home Summary English Equivalents of Chinese 1 Creative Application of Typical Expressions 2 Further Application of Typical Patterns 3

English Equivalents of Chinese 1. 难而有意义的经历 2. 积极的方法 3. 踊跃回答问题 4. 没有多久 5. 有······机会 6. 学习远程······课程 7. 虚拟课堂 8. 犯令人尴尬的错误 9. 因挫折而哭泣 10. 因······心生畏惧 the difficult yet rewarding experience the positive method eagerly answer questions It doesn’t take long to… be offered an opportunity to… study… through online course the virtual classroom make embarrassing mistakes cry out of frustration feel intimidated by… 48

English Equivalents of Chinese 11. 琢磨主意 12. 更为重要的 13. 尝到······甜头 14. 非常艰辛的经历 15. 全新的视角 16. 了解不同文化 17. 建立难忘的友谊 18. 发呆 19. 与别人打交道 20. 弥合鸿沟 think out one’s ideas and most importantly reap the benefits of… a most trying experience new ways of seeing things insights into another culture form unforgettable friendships stare into space reach out to others bridge the gap between… and… 49

Creative Application of Expressions 名列前茅 远不尽人意 用,接触 满足最低限度/要求 拿什么都不换 be at the top of be far from perfect get access to meet the minimum standards not trade sth. for anything 50

你现在最上心的不一定成为你将来最开心的。 本行业中最高地位 高兴之极 压倒、使······生气 除此之外 be at the top of the tree feel on top of the world get on top of on top of that 你现在最上心的不一定成为你将来最开心的。 at the top of one’s care/be not likely to/at the top of one’s joy What is at the top of your care now is not likely to be at the top of your joy in future. 51

工作越不尽人意越值得我们去努力。 far from perfect/be worth one’s effort 远非······ 到处 就······而言 far from (perfect…) far and near as far as… (is concerned) 工作越不尽人意越值得我们去努力。 far from perfect/be worth one’s effort The farther our work is from perfect, the more it is worth our effort. 52

越难攀登的山顶，越有可能成为冒险者的乐园。 allow easy access to sth. need easy access to sth. a place difficult of access 使接触/使用······很方便 需要接触······的方便途径 很难到达的地方 越难攀登的山顶，越有可能成为冒险者的乐园。 the top of a mountain/difficult of access/a fun place for adventurers The more difficult the top of a mountain is of access, the more likely it is to become a fun place for adventurers. 53

meet one’s debts/do extra work meet the qualifications for… meet sb.’s demand/need meet sb.’s objectives meet sb.’s expenses/bills/debts 符合······条件 满足某人的需求 达到目的 偿付费用/账单/债务 为尽快偿还债务，她只得在晚上额外工作。 meet one’s debts/do extra work In order to meet her debts as soon as possible, she had to do extra work at night. 54

have little ability/trade on/get a good job trade on/upon trade out trade with trade in… (for…) 利用 出卖 与······做生意 做······买卖/用······抵······ 她没什么本事，但会利用自己的美貌得到一份好差使。 have little ability/trade on/get a good job She had little ability, but she was able to get a good job by trading on her beauty. 55

Further Application of Patterns 表述“事后情形与某人的愿望相左” 2. 强调“某人对事物认识的递进关系” 3. 表述“某人对事物的辩证认识” When sth. happens, sb. is eager/longs/desires to do sth., however, ... Sb. becomes aware (of)/ realizes (that)…, and most/best/worst of all, … Doing sth. is a most + adj. experience for sb., but one that... 56

离家上大学时她渴望过一种无忧无虑的生活; 然而, 不久她就发现校园生活与自己的期望相差甚远。 leave home for / life free of worry and care / before long / far from one’s expectation When she left home for her college, she desired to live a life free of worry and care; however, before long she found the campus life was far from her expectation. 57

将来有一天,我们会意识到一直以来我们都没有善待地球,而且更糟的是, 亡羊补牢为时已晚。 not take good care of / worst of all / make up for it / be too late to do sth. One day in the future we will become aware we haven’t been taking good care of the earth, and worst of all, it is too late to make up for it. 58

参加高考是我们多数人一次最痛苦的经历，但我认为又是最值得珍惜的经历。 participate in / the college entrance examinations / be most worth / hold dear Participating in the college entrance examinations was a most painful experience for most of us, but one that I think is most worth holding dear. 59

Writing Skills Writing Skills Writing Skills Writing Skills Pre-reading Text Summary Home Writing Skills Writing Skills Writing Skills Writing Skills Writing Skills Basic Sentence Patterns Cause and Effect Writing Practical Writing

Basic Sentence Patterns Writing—Basic Sentence Patterns Basic Sentence Patterns ① Subject + Link Verb + Predicative (主+系+表) ② Subject + Intransitive Verb (主+谓) ③ Subject + Transitive Verb + Object (主+谓+宾) ④ Subject + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object (主+谓+间宾+直宾) ⑤ Subject + Transitive Verb + Object + Complement (主+谓+宾+补)

Task 1 Combine the following words and phrases into sentences. Make Writing—Basic Sentence Patterns Task 1 Combine the following words and phrases into sentences. Make changes if necessary. ① me, enable, to, communicate with people from different backgrounds, learning English, have the opportunity to ② such as English songs, may, music, second, serve, as an interesting and effective way of learning English Learning English enables me to have the opportunity to communicate with people from different backgrounds. Second, music, such as English songs, may serve as an interesting and effective way of learning English.

④ in winter, one reason, be, that, fewer hours of sunlight, there be Writing—Basic Sentence Patterns ③ challenges, me, teaching, and, first of all, give, the opportunity to keep on learning ④ in winter, one reason, be, that, fewer hours of sunlight, there be First of all, teaching gives me challenges and the opportunity to keep on learning. One reason is that there are fewer hours of sunlight in winter.

Writing—Basic Sentence Patterns ⑤ not only… but also, a very difficult and rewarding experience, learning a foreign language, a frustrating and valuable one, be Learning a foreign language is not only a very difficult and rewarding experience but also a frustrating and valuable one.

II. Cause and Effect Writing Writing—Cause and Effect Writing II. Cause and Effect Writing When you explain the reasons why something happens by writing, you are having a cause and effect writing. Read the following passage and tell the cause and effect.

Sample 1 (effect) (cause 1) (cause 2) (先果后因，多因一果) Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Sample 1 Do you know why winter is colder than summer? One reason is that there are fewer hours of sunlight in winter. But there is another reason. Winter sunlight is cooler. The earth gets less heat from it, though it is the same sun, and it shines just as bright as in the summer time. (effect) (cause 1) (cause 2) (先果后因，多因一果)

Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Sample 2 Shopping online has many advantages. First, the web-stores can keep customers updated about the best selling products. Second, they can provide customers with a wider range of choices. Third, it is very convenient and time-saving. I enjoy shopping online very much. (cause) (effect)

Useful Expressions for Cause Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Useful Expressions for Cause Owing to (because of / thanks to) sth.… There are three reasons for this. The reasons for this are as follows... This is due to (results from) several factors. A number of factors could account for… One reason is that… … partly because…, partly because… Many factors that contribute to (lead to/account for)… include…

Useful Expressions for Effect Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Useful Expressions for Effect So/Therefore/Consequently/As a result… The effect is evident/obvious. It will have/exert a deep influence (on…). It may cause a sweeping change. It leaves some serious consequences. It may give rise to a host of problems. The immediate result it produces is...

Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Writing Task Write a paragraph of about 80 words, using the 5 patterns. Topic 1: English Study General Statement: I want to study English for different reasons. For your reference

(For reference, Topic 1) Writing—Cause and Effect Writing I want to study English for different reasons. Firstly, English is generally considered as the most common language of communication throughout the world. For example, English is widely used in many fields such as science, business, entertainment, just to name a few. Therefore, learning English enables me to have the opportunity to communicate with people from different backgrounds and cultures. Secondly, learning English broadens my horizon, giving me insights into other cultures. And my mind is opened to new ways of viewing things.

General Statement: I am crazy about music for many reasons. Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Topic 2: Enjoying Music General Statement: I am crazy about music for many reasons. Points:1) __________________. 2) __________________. 3) __________________. … For your reference

(For reference , Topic 2) Writing—Cause and Effect Writing I am absolutely crazy about music. There are many reasons why I have such a strong love for it. To begin with, music, such as light music, has the magic power to make me feel relaxed after a day’s exhausting work. Second, there are many types of music that may serve as an interesting and effective way of learning, such as some English songs from various countries. By learning to sing these kinds of English songs, I would be able to appreciate the driving rhythms of these kinds of songs. Finally, music from different countries allows me to have access to different cultures around the world. (For reference , Topic 2)

Points:1) __________________. 2) __________________. Writing—Cause and Effect Writing Topic 3: My Ideal Job Topic sentence: My ideal job is to be an English teacher, and I want to stay in that profession for different reasons. Points:1) __________________. 2) __________________. 3) __________________. … For your reference

(For reference, for Topic 3) Writing—Cause and Effect Writing (For reference, for Topic 3) My ideal job is to be an English teacher. I would like to continue in that profession for various reasons. First of all, teaching gives me challenges and gives me the opportunity to further my learning and growth. For example, I would be able to learn while sharing knowledge with young minds. Also, as a teacher, I have the power to fan the spark of curiosity and help students discover their potential. Last but not least, it makes me much happy to be able to see people grow and change right in front of me. At the same time, I hope I will be able to grow and change with them as well. It would be a magnificent experience and journey for me.

III. Practical Writing: E-mail Writing Writing—Practical Writing III. Practical Writing: E-mail Writing 1. E-mail address: Username + @ + Machine address Melody@sina.com

Thank you!