Population Thursday, 15 November 2018 Starter: Lesson Objective: To revise ‘Population’ key terms. To revise key content for ‘Population’ To revise key theories and case studies. Population Starter: Create a spider diagram for the ‘Population’ topic. Try to include as many key terms, theories and case studies as you can remember. Share with your partner, can you add anything.

Key Issues Demographic Transition Model UK Ageing Population – Case Study Migration – Push and Pull Poland to UK Migration Population Pyramids Natural Increase/Decrease China’s One Child Policy

1) Demographic Transition Model What do you remember about the Demographic Transition Model?

Attempt to draw and label the model before you use the help desk. 1) Demographic Transition Model In the exam you are expected to be able to draw and label the demographic transition model. In addition to describing each stage. Task: Draw and label the demographic transition model. Then add a description for each stage. Help Desk: There is a copy of the model on Alfie’s desk Revision guides Attempt to draw and label the model before you use the help desk.

2) UK Ageing Population - Case Study What do you remember about the UK ageing population?

Attempt to complete the sheet without the help desk first. 2) UK Ageing Population - Case Study In the exam you are expected to understand the problems of an ageing population, the strategies used to cope and the effectiveness of the strategies. Task: Complete the Case study summary sheet. Help Desk: Picture mind map of problems Text book Revision Guide Attempt to complete the sheet without the help desk first.

2) UK Ageing Population - Case Study Foundation Use one or more examples to explain how government(s) attempt to cope with an ageing population. (6 marks) (SPaG 3 marks) Higher Account for the strategies adopted by one EU country to cope with an ageing population. (8 marks) (SPaG 3 marks)

2) UK Ageing Population - Case Study Foundation: Level 1 (1-4 marks) Simple statements and/or listed points with no real development and little reference to how the strategy will aid coping. Level 2 (5-6 marks) Linked statements with some explanation as to how the strategy will help address an ageing population. Must have a named example. Higher: Level 1 (1-4 marks) No named country can get max L1. If it is applicable to an EU country. Level 2 (5-6 marks) Must have an EU country for access to L2. Linked statements with some explanation as to how the strategy will help address an ageing population. Level 3 (7-8 marks) Must have more than one strategy or aspects of a policy to access L3. Detailed information with strong connection drawn between the problem and policy as a solution. 2011

3) Migration – Push and Pull What do you remember about Migration – Push and Pull factors?

3) Migration – Push and Pull Complete the table to identify a range of push and pull factors that would encourage migration. Push Pull Help Desk: List of push and pull factors on Alfie’s desk Text book Revision Guide Challenge: Identify if these factors are social, economic or environmental

3) Migration – Push and Pull Complete the table to outline the positive and negative impacts of migration on the receiving and source country. Receiving Source e.g. More skilled workers (Positive) Challenge: Identify if these impacts are social, economic or environmental Help Desk: Text book Revision Guide

4) Poland to UK migration – Case Study What do you remember about the Poland to UK Case Study?

4) Poland to UK migration – Case Study Use one or more examples to explain why people migrate within the EU (4 marks) HINT: Think about Push and Pull factors specific to the UK Help Desk: Poland to UK Case Study Sheet Text book Revision Guide Challenge: Explain the negative impacts for the host and source country.

4) Tourism Growth Expect reference to push and pull factors. More chance of finding a job/better education/standard of living. Higher wage allow remittances to be sent home. Lack of opportunities in less well developed economies. Expansion of EU in 2004 made migration possible. Must be within EU Level 1 (Basic) (1-2 marks) No place named, Max L1. Simple statements with no links. Unemployment in Poland. The UK has higher wages. It is the law that you can migrate within the EU if you want to. Level 2 (Clear) (3-4 marks) Linked statements showing some explanation of the link between factor and migration. Must have a named place for access to L2. The pound was worth a lot of Polish currency so ordinary jobs here meant a lot of money could be sent home. When the Greek economy collapsed people went elsewhere in the EU like the UK to find jobs and healthcare.

What do you remember about Population Pyramids?

5) Population Pyramid Help Desk: Text book Revision Guide In the exam you are expected to be able to draw a population pyramid, describe and use the pyramids. Task 1: Annotate each pyramid to describe what it shows. Task 2: Identify which stage of the demographic transition model each pyramid match's Task 2: Draw a population pyramid for a country in stage 3 of the demographic transition model. Help Desk: Text book Revision Guide Challenge: Write a success criteria for someone drawing a population pyramid.

6) Natural Increase/Decrease What do you remember about natural increase and decrease?

6) Natural Increase/Decrease The difference between the birth and death rate. If the number is positive then there is a natural increase, BUT if the number is negative there is a natural decrease. What does Natural Increase and Natural Decrease mean? Task 1: Complete the sheet to identify scenarios that could result in a natural increase or decrease. Task 2: Calculate the countries natural increase/decrease and identify if this makes them an LEDC/NIC/MEDC Challenge: Explain the positives and negatives of having a population decrease.

7) China’s one child policy What do you remember about China’s one child policy?

7) China’s one child policy Foundation Describe one or more problem(s) that China’s one child policy has caused. (6 marks) (3 SPaG) Higher Describe one or more problem(s) that China’s one child policy has caused. (8 marks) (3 SPaG) Help Desk: Case Study summary sheet on Alfie’s desk Green textbooks in the cupboard pg 247 Revision guides Challenge: Explain why these problems occur.

7) China’s one child policy Foundation: Level 1 (1-4 marks) Simple statements listing the problems without any development of why it is a problem or the effect the problem may have. Level 2 (5-6 marks) Linked statements showing some development. Higher: Level 1 (1-4 marks) Simple statements listing the problems without any development of why it is a problem or the effect the problem may have. Level 2 (5-6 marks) Linked statements showing some development. Level 3 (7-8 marks) Elaborated points showing detailed information about the problems associated with the policy.

7) China’s one child policy Task 1: Describe the changes to the 1 child policy. Task 2: Explain why these changes where made. Task 3: Suggest how successful these changes will be. Challenge: Evaluate the One Child Policy. Remember to examine the pros and cons

Key Issues Demographic Transition Model UK Ageing Population – Case Study Migration/Refugees Poland to UK Migration Population Pyramids Natural Increase/Decrease China’s One Child Policy

What problems does an ageing population have?

UK Ageing Population – Case study Causes of an Ageing Population Solutions Strategy used to reduce the problems caused by ageing population Effectiveness Problems causes by an ageing population

Push and Pull Factors that encourage Migration. Wide range of employment Lack of safety Better provision of services Friends and family Crop failure Lack of services Poverty Greater wealth Fertile soils Good food supplies Hazards War, civil unrest Drought Land security Politics Isolation Better health care Better education More houses Crop Failure Wide range of employment Lack of safety Better provision of services Friends and family Crop failure Lack of services Poverty Greater wealth Fertile soils Good food supplies Hazards War, civil unrest Drought Land security Politics Isolation Better health care Better education More houses Crop Failure

EU Migration Where: Poland-UK What: The number of migrants moving within the UK has increased, since 1997. 1 in 4 in London was born abroad. Lots of migrants from eastern Europe e.g. Poland Benefits for host (UK) Mostly young working migrants – help by paying taxes to government. Give the UK economy £4million boost Bring skills Problems for host (UK): Increase an already high demand for new housing Takes jobs from local people Benefits for source country (Poland) Workers can send money home (called remittance) Eases pressure on services (healthcare, homes) Problems for source country (Poland) Brain drain – skilled workers leave Left with lots of dependence (elderly and young) who rely on government support

4 then 5

1 and 2

1) Read the scenarios and highlight each one to show whether it would result in a - Natural Increase - Natural Decrease A culture which means men have a high status for having lots of children.. Lack of birth control and family planning In many rural areas it can be the tradition to have lots of children Famine causing lots of people to die due to lack of food Parents wanting lots of children to help provide an income (such as working on farms Disease (for example HIV/AIDS) causing lots of people to die. Peaceful conditions within the country Many young children die due to poor health care. No education about the benefits of a smaller family Drug use, alcoholism and sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) Better health care War or conflict Government policies which want to strengthen their population Government policies such as the One Child Policy in China Education about the benefits of a smaller family. A society which encourages women to have careers and to earn money. Lack of resources 2a) Complete the table below b) Use your key to shade countries with a natural increase OR natural decrease. Birth Rate (per 1000) Death Rate (per 1000) Income per head (USD) LEDC, NIC or MEDC Calculate natural increase/decrease UK 12.0 10.2 35,760 Hungary 8.8 12.9 10,270 Russia 8.6 16.0 4,080 China 14.5 7.1 1,470 Nigeria 39.1 18.4 570

China’s One Child policy New changes: Relaxed policy In the late 1990’s, the one child policy’ was relaxed to a ‘two child policy’ in many rural districts in order to avoid the problems an ageing population could bring. Rural families could have more than one child if the first was a girl and at least 5 in order to help on the farms. 2013- couples that are both only children can have more than one child Ethnic minorities living in China can now have more than one child. This is only a small minority often living in remote districts, impacting China in a minor way. Where: China, Asia When: Since 1979 Why: To limit rapid population growth What: The policy- Limits couples to having only one child. They get benefits for this e.g. free education, education and housing benefits; pensions If they have more than one child, they loose these benefits and are fined Couples have to apply for a license to marry and have a child. The majority (91%) of all Chinese people are ‘Han’ Chinese. The policy only applies to the ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas. Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law. Has it been successful? Yes- it has in a country of 1.3 billion, the population policy has reduced population growth by as much as 300 million over its first twenty years. HOWEVER – The one child policy has affected the ratio of males to females. There are currently 114 males for every 100 females. Males are favoured over females and many female infants are aborted, neglected or abandoned. Cases of infanticide have been known to occur to female infants.