Industrial America and Westward Expansion People, Events, and Places terms of the Industrial America and Westward Expansion

Week 1 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Railroad

2nd Industrial Revolution Known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of the larger Industrial Revolution Sometime between 1840 and 1860 until World War I Examples- Electricity, Automobiles, Airplanes

Mechanization Using machines to do work Examples: reaper (machine that cuts grain) & threshing machine (separated the grain from the plant stalks) Threshing Machine Reaper

Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga, TN Site of the World’s first Coca-Cola Bottling Company

Transcontinental Railroad A railroad across the continent Union Pacific began building track west from Omaha, Nebraska Central Pacific began building track east from Sacramento, California (C for Central and C for California) On May 10, 1869, the tracks of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific met at Promontory Point, Utah Territory

Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act Week 2 Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act

Protectionism Economic policy of America during this time. Belief that new industry in America needed to be protected against stronger, foreign industry.

Nativism Policy to protect native-born people against immigrants During this time: greatest number of European immigrants on east coast and Chinese immigrants on west coast brought huge numbers of inexpensive labor.

Settlers Person who has migrated to an area and lived there. Many people moved from east to west during Western Expansion

Homestead Act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862. Anyone who had never taken up arms against the U.S. government (including freed slaves and women), was 21 years or older, or the head of a family, could file an application to claim a federal land grant.

Week 2 Cumulative 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act

Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age Week 3 Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age

Buffalo Soldiers Made up of African American soldiers protected settlers as they moved west and to support the westward expansion by building the infrastructure needed for new settlements to flourish

George Jordan a former slave from Nashville, TN. a Buffalo soldier Jordan led his soldiers to hold back a force of more than 100 Indians. Jordan and 19 of his men again held their ground while being attacked by a group of Apaches.

Great Plains Land that lies west of Mississippi River and East of Rocky Mountains in United States. Homestead Act attracted many people to move to the Great Plains. Life on Great Plains was hard.

Gilded Age From the 1870s to about 1900. Term was coined by writer Mark Twain in The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (1873) Meaning: thin gold layer on top of major social problems

Week 3 Cumulative 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age

American Federation of Labor Week 4 Child Labor Samuel Gompers American Federation of Labor Entrepreneurs Thomas Edison

Child Labor The use of children to work in industry. Children often had to work to help support their families. Children were paid less money than adults.

Samuel Gompers One of the early labor union leaders in the U.S. A labor union is where people work together to gain improved working conditions. Formed the American Federation of Labor

American Federation of Labor Founded by Samuel Gompers Brought many workers’ unions together to fight for: better wages an 8-hour work day safer working conditions end to child labor.

Entrepreneurs A person who starts a new business, hoping to make a profit. Example: Sam Walden started Walmart

Thomas Edison Inventor who helped change the world. He had over one-thousand inventions (1,093) He perfected the light-bulb “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.”

Week 4 Cumulative 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age

Week 5 Alexander Graham Bell George Washington Carver Swift and Armour Henry Ford George Eastman Henry Bessemer Cornelius Vanderbilt

Alexander Graham Bell Inventor Invented first working telephone Developed techniques to teach the deaf

George Washington Carver Former slave Founded the Tuskegee Institute in 1881 He encouraged African American businesses Taught equal rights could be gained through education, hard work, and understanding.

Swift and Armour Meat packing company Used refrigeration during shipping to keep meat from spoiling.

Henry Ford Inventor and Entrepreneur Started Ford Motor Company where he manufactured cars using an assembly line. Developed Model T car

George Eastman Inventor and Entrepreneur Popularized Role Film Started Kodak company

Henry Bessemer Inventor Developed a new way to make steel, called the Bessemer process. Made it possible to produce steel in massive quantities.

Cornelius Vanderbilt Entrepreneur Got rich through his railroads and shipping Richest man alive during this time.

Week 5 Cumulative 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age Alexander Graham Bell George Washington Carver Swift and Armour Henry Ford George Eastman Henry Bessemer Cornelius Vanderbilt

Week 6 Spanish American War Yellow Journalism U.S.S. Maine Rough Riders Imperialism

Spanish American War a conflict between the United States and Spain in 1898 The war officially lasted four months(108 days) when the U.S. and Spanish governments signed the Treaty of Paris Results: Cuba is independent and Guam and Puerto Rico belong to the United States.

Yellow Journalism The Spanish-American War is often referred to as the first "media war." Journalism that hyped—and sometimes even made up—dramatic events and helped push the United States into war with Spain.

U.S.S. Maine A massive explosion of unknown origin sinks the battleship USS Maine in Cuba’s Havana harbor, killing 260 of the fewer than 400 American crew members aboard. Spain was blamed

Rough Riders the most famous of all the units fighting in Cuba the First U.S. Volunteer Cavalry under the leadership of Theodore Roosevelt.

Imperialism A policy in which a strong nation (America) seeks to dominate other countries (Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam) politically, socially, and economically. Some Americans did not like the idea of the United States playing the part of an imperial power with foreign colonies.

Week 6 Cumulative Child Labor Samuel Gompers 2nd Industrial Revolution Henry Bessemer Mechanization Cornelius Vanderbilt Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Alexander Graham Bell George Washington Carver Transcontinental Spanish American War Protectionism Yellow Journalism Nativism U.S.S. Maine Settlers Rough Riders Homestead Act Imperialism Buffalo Soldiers Child Labor George Jordan Samuel Gompers Great Plains American Federation of Labor Gilded Age Swift and Armour Entrepreneurs Henry Ford Thomas Edison George Eastman

Week 7 Anti-Trust Laws 16th Amendment 17th Amendment 18th Amendment 19th Amendment Ida B. Wells Randolph Miller

Anti-Trust Laws Trusts several companies who joined together to control whole industries. They could control the whole industry Anti-Trust Laws Laws to stop companies from controlling the whole industry and charging higher prices

16th Amendment 1913 Congress has the power to tax all people directly based on their income.

17th Amendment 1913 Two senators will represent each state in Congress, each elected for six-year terms, and each elected by the voters.

18th Amendment 1919 The making, selling, and transportation of alcohol anywhere in the United States is outlawed.

1920 Women are given the right to vote. 19th Amendment 1920 Women are given the right to vote.

Ida B. Wells African American Journalist Worked for equal rights for African Americans Worked to help women get the right to vote

Randolph Miller Emancipated slave Tennessean Journalist Spoke out for equal rights for African Americans

Week 7 Cumulative 2nd Industrial Revolution Mechanization Coca Cola Bottling in Chattanooga Transcontinental Protectionism Nativism Settlers Homestead Act Buffalo Soldiers George Jordan Great Plains Gilded Age Swift and Armour Henry Ford George Eastman Henry Bessemer Cornelius Vanderbilt Alexander Graham Bell George Washington Carver Spanish American War Yellow Journalism U.S.S. Maine Rough Riders Imperialism Child Labor Samuel Gompers American Federation of Labor Entrepreneurs Thomas Edison Anti-Trust Laws 16th Amendment 17th Amendment 18th Amendment 19th Amendment Ida B. Wells Randolph Miller