Christopher S. Collins, Ph.D. Azusa Pacific University, USA CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Knowledge & the Ivory tower: How university research can be used to reduce poverty and promote economic progress Christopher S. Collins, Ph.D. Azusa Pacific University, USA

CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Is education worth it? The question of how to measure the *value* of education is ongoing. Economists have tried to quantify the value by measuring a rate of return on the investments (Psacharopoulos 1980). Rate of returns are typically calculated on the return to the individual. This is a question that all of you may be asking yourself. How do you measure the value of your education? Typically an individual rate of return takes all of the costs of tuition plus the cost of time away from a job and compares it to a lifetime of earnings with the degree vs w/o the degree. These lines on a graph determine value.

CCU Leadership Institute 2016 UNANSWERED QUESTIONS Higher education institutions need a larger purpose that underpins their existence. What is public in universities? What could be public about them? What should be public about them? Christian higher education is always considered private. My recent focus on the role of public land-grant universities has caused me to think more deeply about what should be public about Christian higher education.

Development labs Food and Agriculture Conflict Resolution CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Development labs Food and Agriculture Conflict Resolution Technological Application Entrepreneurship Development Data

Food systems innovation CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Food systems innovation Population Growth Rapid Urbanization Evolution in Supply Chain and Food Skills

Conflict resolution Impact of Conflict on Food Security Land Rights CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Conflict resolution Impact of Conflict on Food Security Land Rights Youth Engagement

Technology International Development Design Summits CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Technology International Development Design Summits

Social entrepreneurs Innovation Acceleration Global Health Scale Ups CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Social entrepreneurs Innovation Acceleration Global Health Scale Ups

Development data GeoCoding Donor Funded Projects CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Development data GeoCoding Donor Funded Projects

Is higher education a viable strategy? CCU Leadership Institute 2016 Is higher education a viable strategy? Knowledge Production Captive Audience Academic Freedom Creativity The opportunity to educate students to solve problems that do not yet exist.