Independence in 20th Century

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Presentation transcript:

Independence in 20th Century

Creation of Israel

ISRAEL In 1948 the UN established Israel as a homeland for Jews This caused conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors – still to this day This led to many Palestinian refugees in Israel, Jordan, Egypt…

ASIA

INDIA India had been colonized by England for over 150 years Nationalism developed in India Independence movement was led by Gandhi

GANDHI Gandhi believed in civil disobedience and passive resistance After WWII, India gained independence from England

PAKISTAN There was great tension between Hindus and Muslims in India Violence broke out Muslims and Hindus had to be separated into 2 countries Muslims formed Pakistan

BANGLADESH Muslims in Pakistan were separated into east and west Conflict developed In 1970, Pakistan was divided into 2 countries: Pakistan (west) and Bangladesh (east)

AFRICA

Western Africa Farming communities Had been colonized for 150 years by England, France, Belgium… Transitions to independence were generally peaceful

Eastern Africa Very important trading communities Colonized mainly by French and English Violence broke out between European colonists and Africans fighting for independence Ex: Kenya was led by 1st President Kenyatta

South Africa South Africa moved toward better race relations in the 1990s They abandoned apartheid (racial segregation) Nelson Mandella was released from prison and became their first black President