“We will” understand the causes & consequences of the War of 1812 Standard 8.5 “We will” understand the causes & consequences of the War of 1812

Major events leading to The War of 1812? US shipping was being harassed and cargo was seized. Impressment of American sailors British Navy kidnapped sailors off American ships and had them join the British Navy. British were impressing soldiers and seizing cargo from U.S. because they thought they might be helping the French.

CFU ? What was one cause of the WAR OF 1812 ? ____________________________________________________________________________.

Major events leading to The War of 1812? Embargo Act of 1807 -halted /stopped all trade with Europe Embargo is a government ban on trade with other countries Embargo was unpopular in port cities, especially in the North. Embargo did not work !

CFU ? Tell your pair-share partner ….. What did the Embargo Act do ? What did it prevent ?

Jefferson Farewell Enter James Madison Jefferson did not want to run for a 3rd term Madison was Jefferson’s Secretary of State Madison was an author of the Federalist Papers. Considered the father of the Constitution Also the shortest President (5ft 4inchs) James Madison becomes 4th president

Build up to The War of 1812… Non-Intercourse Act Forbade trade with France and Britain because they were at war. Would start trading again when one side would stop violating U.S. “neutrality”. War Hawks- Southern congressmen who favored war against Britain Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun Wanted to take Canada which was held by the British Said we would lose our independence if we didn’t fight !

CFU ? What did the “WARHAWKS” want ? Why did they want this ?

Benefits of going to war with Britain? To reopening trade $$$ National Pride To stop the impressment of sailors Gain CANADA territory!!!

What were some drawbacks to going to war? Not everyone in the US wanted to go to war Military was small Standing Army was small Militia comprised most of our forces, and they did not like to fight outside of their state borders Navy was quite small only 22 ships Britain was a great Superpower and could crush us like a bug and we could lose territory that was gained in the Treaty of Paris or the Louisiana Purchase

Declaration of War June of 1812 Madison asked Congress for declaration of war 1st President to declare war on another country War started with Invasion of Canada

CFU ? Who was the 1st president to officially declare war on another country ? ____________________________

Key Battles Battle of Lake Erie- (1813) Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British on Lake Erie. This gave the US control of Lake Erie Battle of Thames- (1813) Gen. William Henry Harrison marches into Canada and defeats the British & Native Americans

The Roof is on Fire… Attack on Washington D.C.- (1814) British attack the capital and burn the White House, President Madison forced to leave !

Oh Say Can You See… British move on to Baltimore, Maryland After bombarding Fort McHenry on Sept.13, 1814 The British abandon the attack Francis Scott Key witnessed the attack and wrote a poem eventually called “the star-spangled banner”. Our country’s national anthem

Treaty of Ghent Treaty was negotiated in Europe and was signed on Dec.1814 ending the War of 1812 The War ended in a stalemate, where no party gained or lost any territory. No winner or loser !

Battle of New Orleans Fought after the treaty was signed (but not ratified) Why was New Orleans important? British wanted control of Mississippi River Made Andrew Jackson a National hero ! Jackson leads the U.S. to the last major victory in the War of 1812

Why was the War of 1812 so important ? Gave the United States a National Identity We were able to hold our own against the British again ! (National Pride). American manufacturing improved ! $$$ Creates a hero in Andrew Jackson and the Western Frontiersmen Breaks up Indian resistance towards Americans