I can explain the function of organelles in the cell. Objective: I can explain the function of organelles in the cell. Agenda: Notes over The Cell Organelle Function worksheet Organelle Debate

The Cell The basic unit of life

The Cell Theory states that: 1. All living things are composed of a cell or cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of life. _____________________________ -Multicellular: made of many cells -Unicellular- _________________

Why study cells? Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ Systems Organism _Hierarchy: Cells are simplest part of an organism Example:

Types of cells Eukaryote animal cells Eukaryote plant cells Prokaryote bacteria cells Types of cells - no organelles - organelles Eukaryote animal cells Eukaryote plant cells

Prokaryote Bacteria Most are unicellular Simple _______________ Lack organelles _________________________________________________________ Cell wall present in all

What are bacteria? Single celled organisms Very small E. Coli O157:H7 can make you very sick. What are bacteria? Single celled organisms Very small _____________________ Can be found on most materials and surfaces Billions on and in your body right now Streptococcus can cause strep throat. This E. coli helps you digest food. USDA NIFSI Food Safety in the Classroom© University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2006

What do they look like? Three basic shapes ___________________________________________ Round shaped called cocci (cox-eye) _________ Some exist as single cells, others cluster together Bacilli Cocci Spiral Cluster of cocci USDA NIFSI Food Safety in the Classroom© University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2006

Bacteria are ALIVE! What does it mean to be alive? ____________________________________ They need to eat USDA NIFSI Food Safety in the Classroom© University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2006

How do bacteria reproduce? Grow in number not in size Humans grow in size from child to adult Make copies of themselves by dividing in half _______________________ USDA NIFSI Food Safety in the Classroom© University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2006

How do bacteria eat? Photosynthetic bacteria Some make their own food from sunlight—like plants ___________________ Share the environment around them Example: The bacteria in your stomach are now eating what you ate for breakfast Some are warriors (pathogens) They attack other living things Example: The bacteria on your face can attack skin causing infection and acne Harmless bacteria on the stomach lining E. Coli O157:H7 is a pathogen USDA NIFSI Food Safety in the Classroom© University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2006

Eukaryotes Mostly multicellular Plants, Animals, Fungi Distinct organelles for job specialization _________________________________________________________________ Cell walls present in fungi and plants only More complex Membrane bound organelles present

Endoplasmic reticulum Compare and Contrast Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Cell membrane Contain DNA Ribosomes Cytoplasm Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton

Advantages of each kind of cell architecture Prokaryotes Eukaryotes simple and easy to grow can specialize fast reproduction multicellularity all the same can build large bodies

Cells gotta work to live! What jobs do cells have to do? make proteins proteins control every cell function ___________ for daily life for growth _____________ growth repair renewal

The Nucleus Brain of Cell Bordered by a porous membrane - nuclear envelope. Cont_____________________________________________ Rod Shaped Chromosomes Contains a small round nucleolus produces ribosomal RNA which makes ribosomes.

Ribosomes Small non-membrane bound organelles. _____________________ Site of protein synthesis. ___________________ Either free floating or attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Complex network of transport channels. Two types: _________- ribosome free and functions in poison detoxification. _________ - contains ribosomes and releases newly made protein from the cell.

Golgi Apparatus A series of flattened sacs that modifies, packages, stores, and transports materials out of the cell. _______________________________________________________________________

Lysosomes Recycling Center Recycle cellular debris _______________________________________________________________ Internal pH is 5. Help digest food particles inside or out side the cell.

Centrioles Found only in animal cells Paired organelles found together near the nucleus, at right angles to each other. _______________________________________________________________ Play a role in cellular reproduction

Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Microtubule Microfilament Ribosomes Mitochondrion

Cytoskeleton Framework of the cell Contains small microfilaments and larger microtubules. They support the cell, giving it its shape and help with the movement of its organelles.

Mitochondrion Double Membranous It’s the size of a bacterium _____________________________________________________________________ Produces high energy compound ATP

The Vacuole Sacs that help in food digestion or helping the cell maintain its water balance. ______________________________________________________