03/04/2017 How did Lincoln’s Republican government encourage ‘westward expansion’? Starter: Complete “lawlessness sheet” from previous lesson Ensure all sheets are glued in Ensure tracker sheet is filled in for “Spring 2”

In 1861, seven states in southern area of the United States set up their own country called the Confederate States of America in protest over the election of Abraham Lincoln on an anti-slavery platform. Lincoln declared war on the south which marked the start of the American Civil War. Between 1861 and 1865, both sides fought each other – 60,000 died and 40,000 died. After the war ended, millions of people living in devastated South (both ex soldier and ex slave) moved west for a new start. During the war, the federal government (dominated by the anti-slavery Republican Party) passed two acts which accelerated westward expansion.

What were southerners fleeing from? Between November and December 1864, Major General William Sherman launched his “march to the sea” His armies destroyed all industry, property, railway links and farms. Anything that the enemy could use to their advantage. This tactic is known as “scorched earth” and inflicted $100 million worth of damage on the Southern economy (about $1.4 billion in 2017). His army wrecked 300 miles of railroad and confistaced 9.5 million pounds of corn and fodder. 13,000 cattle, 4,000 mules and 5,000 horses.

Learning Tasks Read pp.39-44 and complete two flow diagrams (below) on the Homestead Act (1861) an the Pacific Railroad Act (1862) Why was it passed? What did it do? What were the consequences?

In the East, the Central Pacific Company used 10,000 Chinese workers

In the West, the Union Pacific Company used 8,000 immigrants from Ireland, Germany and Italy.

The two railroads met on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.

The first transcontinental railroad – people could now travel from the East to the West coat in one week.