Soil processes and trace metals Have some ideas about metal concentrations in soils Get familiar with FDEP Soil Cleanup Target Levels and regulations by different countries Background metal concentrations in Florida soils Factors controlling metal behaviors in soils

Regulated trace metals 1 H 4 Be 3 Li 31 Ga 57 La 55 Cs 37 Rb 19 K 11 Na 12 Mg 20 Ca 38 Sr 56 Ba 39 Y 72 Hf 40 Zr 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 29 Cu 30 Zn 47 Ag 48 Cd 79 Au 80 Hg 13 Al 5 B 49 In 81 Tl 32 Ge 14 Si 6 C 50 Sn 82 Pb 33 As 15 P 7 N 51 Sb 83 Bi 34 Se 16 S 8 O 52 Te 84 Po 35 Br 17 Cl 9 F 53 I 85 At 36 Kr 18 Ar 10 Ne 54 Xe 86 Rn 2 He 1A 2A 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 2B 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A Regulated trace metals

Trace elements in soils and plants Group I: Li, Rb, Cs, Cu, Ag, & Au Group II: Be, Sr, Ba, Ra, Zn, Cd, & Hg Group III: Al, Ga, In, Ti, Sc, Y, La & Ac Group IV: Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Ti, Zr, & Hf Group V: As, Sb, Bi, V, Nb, and Ta Group VI: Se, Te, Po, Cr & Mo Group VIII: F, Cl, Br, I, Mn, & Re Group VIII: Fe, Co, Ni, and Pt Kabata-Pendias and Pendias, 1992

FDEP Chapter 62-777: Contaminant Cleanup Target Levels http://www. dep » Figures 1 – 10 (Figs. 4 & 5 are for soil) » Guidance Documents » Historical Information » Table I - Groundwater and Surface Water Cleanup Target Levels » Table II - Soil Cleanup Target Levels » Table III - Soil Properties and Test Methods » Table IV - Site-Specific Conditions and Geochemical Parameters » Table V - Natural Attenuation Default Concentrations » Table VI - Default Parameters for Figure 4, 5, and 7 Go through Fig. 1-10 briefly Mainly Table II EPA 503 regulation on land application of solid wastes page 16 http://www.epa.ohio.gov/portals/35/sludge/503_08_04_99.pdf

Metal regulation in soil, solid waste & water (mg/kg and µg/L4) Contaminants Residential1 Industrial1 Average in Soils2 Ratio C2/C4 Ceiling level in sludge3 Drinking water MCL4 Antimony 27 370 6 5 Arsenic 2.1 12 0.4 75 10 Barium 120 130,000 430 0.3 2000 Beryllium 1,400 20 4 Cadmium 82 1,700 0.06 1,370 85 Chromium-IV 210 470 100 2 3,000 Chromium-III 110,000 1,100 Copper 150 89,000 30 4,300 1,000 Lead 400 40 840 15 Manganese 3500 43,000 600 50 Mercury 3 17 0.03 57 Molybdenum 440 11000 220 35 Nickel 340 35,000 9 420 Selenium 11,000 1,470 Silver 410 8,200 0.05 Vanadium 67 10,000 0.7 49 Zinc 26,000 630,000 520 7,500 5,000 3 categories 1: FDEP Soil Cleanup Target Levels; 2: Lindsay (1979); 3: EPA 503 standard for land application; & 4: EPA primary drinking water standard

Quality standards for cadmium in soils for three European countries Soil protective policies having 2- or 3-tier systems. Reference  potential impact (tolerable)/evaluation  cleanup. This is called A-B-C system Fig. 6.3 Quality standards for Cd in soils fro three European countries (Adriano, 2001)

Consider background concentrations into regulation Consider background concentrations into regulation. Used 90th percentile upper limit of background values. A, B and C are correction factors. Adriano (2001)

Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1992)

98 State Soil Arsenic Regulation Survey (ppm) Survey by Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (2003)