Globalization in the Contemporary World Pages 940, 946, 999, 1038-1053 Photo: http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/index.htm https://www.wto.org/ http://www.un.org/en/ind https://europa.eu/european-union/index_enex.html Mr. Epps World History Chapters 28, 30 and 32 SSWH22

Cultural Integration Televisions provided information from global sources; significant increase of sources compared to radio Satellites enabled information from global sources to be received almost instantaneously; news reels didn’t need to be shipped and processed Computers may be the most significant technological advance of the 20th century; increased efficiency and productivity in all aspects of life (personal and professional) Pages 1038-1040

United Nations Founded in 1945, three years before the creation of the state of Israel; headquartered in New York City President Franklin D. Roosevelt was a major proponent of establishing an organization that promoted peace efforts Five permanent members of the Security Council: United States, Great Britain, France, Russia and China Pages 1048-1049 Photo: http://www.un.org/en/index.html

United Nations Sent troops to Korea in 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea United Nations has two primary goals – peace and human dignity Pages 1048-1049 Photo: http://www.un.org/en/index.html

OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 13 current member countries, includes the five founding members – Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela Objective is to coordinate & unify petroleum policies among its members, secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers (set the price of oil) Production cuts/decreases result in increased prices of oil-related products (e.g., heating oil, gasoline, jet fuel) Page 999 The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. The five Founding Members were later joined by nine other Members: Qatar (1961); Indonesia (1962) – suspended its membership in January 2009, reactivated it in January 2016, but decided to suspend it again in November 2016; Libya (1962); United Arab Emirates (1967); Algeria (1969); Nigeria (1971); Ecuador (1973) – suspended its membership in December 1992, but reactivated it in October 2007; Angola (2007); and Gabon (1975) - terminated its membership in January 1995 but rejoined in July 2016. OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, in the first five years of its existence. This was moved to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965. OPEC's objective is to co-ordinate and unify petroleum policies among Member Countries, in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry. (http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/24.htm) Photo: http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/index.htm

World Trade Organization and EU WTO created in 1995, includes 150+ member nations Arranges trade agreements and settles trade disputes; only global organization that deals with rules of trade among nations Nations formed trading blocks, the European Union (EU) and North American Free Trade Agreement are two such entities One of the EU’s first goals was to establish a common currency, the euro, throughout the bloc Page 940, 1052 Photo: https://www.wto.org/ https://europa.eu/european-union/index_en

Inter-Governmental Cooperation International Monetary Fund (IMF), 184 member countries, goal is to oversee the global finance system Camp David Peace Accords resulted in a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt Kyoto Protocol reduced carbon emissions, signed by 150 nations; United States did not ratify the treaty Pages 999, 1042, 1051