THE CIVIL WAR

RECAP Kansas – Nebraska Act Dred Scott Lincoln is Elected Secession

March 4th, 1861 “I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so” -Abraham Lincoln

Fort Sumter – The War Begins In 1860, the U.S. Army controlled Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. Major Robert Anderson is in control of 78 soldiers and 51 civilian workers. On April 12, 1861 at 4:30 am, Confederate General Beauregard and 6,000 troops fire on Fort Sumter. 36 hours later, Anderson lowers the American flag and the Civil War begins.

Only 1 casualty – A Confederate Horse

The Border States Americans were now fighting a war against Americans. Families who disagreed on slavery fought each other in the border states People in the Appalachian region of Virginia refused to support slavery so they seceded from Virginia and created West Virginia. (1863)

Key Figures of the War Robert E. Lee From a wealthy family in Virginia. Commander of the Confederate Army. (Turned down an offer from Lincoln to command the Union Army) Took the personal blame for the South losing the war. Younger Days

Ulysses S. Grant Was an abolitionist from Ohio. Married into a slave holding family in Missouri. Was the commander of the Union Army. Fought under Robert E. Lee in the Mexican war. (A hero to Grant) Leading General of the Union Army.

Key Figures of the War William T. Sherman was a general for the Union army. Burned Atlanta during his “march to the sea”

Key Figures of the War Jefferson Davis was the first and only president of the Confederate States of America. Never gained recognition from any foreign country. Paid little attention to the collapsing Confederate economy. (Inflation from printing money)

Key Figures of the War Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was a general for the Confederate Army and was Lee’s “right-hand man.” Died from pneumonia shortly after surviving an accidental gunshot wound from his own troops. (Mistaken for Union Cavalry)

The First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas, VA) July 21, 1861 First real engagement. 30k Union troops marching just outside of D.C. Lincoln orders the attack but the inexperienced Union forces are defeated! “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!” It was a humiliating loss for the Union! (Sobering for both sides)

Lincoln Needs a New Plan The First Bull Run made it clear that it would not be a quick war! Lincoln adopted Gen. Winfield Scott’s “Anaconda Plan” Surround the CSA and cut off all supplies! Control the MI River Use coastal blockades