HERAKLES.

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Presentation transcript:

HERAKLES

ho hêrôs The Hero ma ton Hêraklea By Herakles… Hêraklês Alexikakos Herakles Who Keeps Evil Away

Hero Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education DEPARTURE Call Sidekick Journey Exploits Encounters RETURN / DEATH Failure Reconciliation Death MEMORIALIZATION Myth & Ritual

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education persecution by Hera; birth of Eurystheus infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Zeus + Alcmena + Amphitryon | | Herakles Iphikles

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education persecution by Hera; birth of Eurystheus infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Herakles & Hera

Eurystheus

Herakles & Iphikles

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education persecution by Hera; birth of Eurystheus infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Cheiron

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education persecution by Hera; birth of Eurystheus infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Zeus + Alcmena + Amphitryon | | Herakles Iphikles

Early Exploits • Murder of Linus • Sex with 50 daughters of Thespis • Mutilation of heralds • Murder of Megara and children

Herakles & Linus

Megara Therimachus Creontiades Ophitus Deicoon Omphale Agelaus Tyrsenus Deianira Hyllus Ctesippus Glenus Oneites Macaria Hebe Alexiares Anicetus Astydameia, daughter of Ormenius Astyoche, daughter of Phylas Tlepolemus Auge Telephus Autonoe, daughter of Piraeus / Iphinoe, daughter of Antaeus Palaemon Baletia, daughter of Baletus Brettus Barge Bargasus Bolbe Olynthus Celtine Celtus Chalciope Thessalus Chania, nymph Gelon Agathyrsus Gelonus Skythes Epicaste Thestalus Lavinia, daughter of Evander Pallas Malis, a slave of Omphale Acelus Meda Antiochus Melite (heroine) Melite (naiad) Hyllus (possibly) Myrto Eucleia Palantho of Hyperborea Latinus Parthenope Everes Phialo Aechmagoras Psophis Echephron Promachus Pyrene Rhea, Italian priestess Aventinus Thebe, daughter of Adramys Tinge, wife of Antaeus Sophax 50 daughters of Thespius  50 sons Unnamed Celtic woman Galates Unnamed slave of Omphale Alcaeus / Cleodaeus Unnamed daughter of Syleus Xenodoce? Unknown consorts Agylleus Amathous Azon Chromis Cyrnus Dexamenus Leucites Manto Pandaie Phaestus or Rhopalus

Megara

Madness of Herakles

Eurystheus

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education persecution by Hera; birth of Eurystheus infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

1: Nemean Lion

Nemean Lion

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

2: Hydra

Hydra

Typhoeus Nemean Lion Hydra

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

3: Ceryneian Deer

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

4: Erymanthian Boar

Erymanthian Boar

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

Parergon: Pholus

Centaur (半人马)

Cheiron

Centaurs

Ixion Dia + Ixion + Hera (Nephele) | | Perithoös Centauros | Centaurs • Ixion refuses to pay dowry • Ixion roasts father-in-law alive • Zeus purifies Ixion • Ixion attempts to rape Hera • Zeus substitutes Nephele

Centaurs

Centaurs CENTAUR nature theriomorph animal extreme strength extreme violence weapons of nature body animal noise intellectual impairment addiction to alcohol sexual promiscuity rape, violation of marriage

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

5: Augean Stables

LOCAL EXPLOITS 1. Nemean Lion 2. Lernaean Hydra 3. Ceryneian Deer 4. Erymanthian Boar Parergon: Pholus and Cheiron 5. Augean Stables 6. Stymphalian Birds

6: Stymphalian Birds

Stymphalian Birds

REGIONAL EXPLOITS 7. Cretan Bull 8. Horses of Diomedes Parergon: Alcestis 9. Girdle of Hippolyta

7: Cretan Bull

Minos + Pasiphae + Bull Minotaur

REGIONAL EXPLOITS 7. Cretan Bull 8. Horses of Diomedes Parergon: Alcestis 9. Girdle of Hippolyta

8: Horses of Diomedes

REGIONAL EXPLOITS 7. Cretan Bull 8. Horses of Diomedes Parergon: Alcestis 9. Girdle of Hippolyta

Parergon: Alcestis

Thanatos, Alcestis, Herakles

REGIONAL EXPLOITS 7. Cretan Bull 8. Horses of Diomedes Parergon: Alcestis 9. Girdle of Hippolyta

9. Girdle of Hippolyta

Amazon

Amazons

Amazons

GLOBAL EXPLOITS 10. Cattle of Geryon 11. Apples of Hesperides Parergon: Antaeus Parergon: Busiris Parergon: Prometheus 12. Cerberus

Cup of the Sun

10: Cattle of Geryon

Geryon

GLOBAL EXPLOITS 10. Cattle of Geryon 11. Apples of Hesperides Parergon: Atlas Parergon: Antaeus Parergon: Busiris Parergon: Prometheus 12. Cerberus

11: Apples of Hesperides

Typhoeus Nemean Lion Hydra Serpent of Hesperides

Hesperides

GLOBAL EXPLOITS 10. Cattle of Geryon 11. Apples of Hesperides Parergon: Atlas Parergon: Antaeus Parergon: Busiris Parergon: Prometheus 12. Cerberus

Parergon: Herakles & Atlas

Parergon: Antaeus

Antaeus

Parergon: Busiris

Busiris

Parergon: Prometheus

Prometheus

GLOBAL EXPLOITS 10. Cattle of Geryon 11. Apples of Hesperides Parergon: Atlas Parergon: Antaeus Parergon: Busiris Parergon: Prometheus 12. Cerberus

12: Cerberus

Typhoeus Nemean Lion Hydra Serpent of Hesperides Cerberus

Cerberus

Cerberus

Cerberus

Themes in Labors encounters with death Hydra, Stymphalian Birds, Alcestis, Geryon, Cerberus cosmogonic battles Lion, Hydra, Cerberus enforcement of xenia Ceryneian Deer, Alcestis, Busiris violation of xenia Linus, Megara, Pholus, Cheiron, Alcestis, Hippolyta

Greek Colonization

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution; birth of Eurystheus centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Second Enslavement • Iole • Murder of Iphitus • Theft of Delphic Tripod • Enslavement to Omphale • rape of Herakles • Cercopes

Delphic Tripod

Second Enslavement • Iole • Murder of Iphitus • Theft of Delphic Tripod • Enslavement to Omphale • rape of Herakles • Cercopes

Omphale

Herakles & Omphale

Second Enslavement • Iole • Murder of Iphitus • Theft of Delphic Tripod • Enslavement to Omphale • rape of Herakles by Pan • theft of clothes by Cercopes

Second Enslavement • Iole • Murder of Iphitus • Theft of Delphic Tripod • Enslavement to Omphale • rape of Herakles by Pan • theft of clothes by Cercopes

Second Enslavement • Iole • Murder of Iphitus • Theft of Delphic Tripod • Enslavement to Omphale • rape of Herakles by Pan • theft of clothes by Cercopes

Cercopes

Herakles Pattern BIRTH Mixed Status Zeus + Alcmena CHILDHOOD Signs of Election Separation Education infant strangles snakes sent by Hera persecution; birth of Eurystheus centaur Cheiron; staff of teachers DEPARTURE Call & Exploits Sidekick Journey enslavement to Eurystheus 12 athloi (labors) parerga (side deeds) enslavement to Omphale praxeis (acts) [Iphikles] (1) Greece (2) Asia Minor, Egypt, West (3) beyond limits (Hesperides, Underworld) RETURN / DEATH Failure Death Reconciliation poisoned robe death by immolation apotheosis; marriage to Hebe MEMORIAL Myth & Ritual Herakles as panhellenic hêrôs

Second Marriage (Deianira) • contest with Achelous • marriage to Deianira • attempted rape of Deianira by Nessus

Achelous

Second Marriage (Deianira) • contest with Achelous • marriage to Deianira • attempted rape of Deianira by Nessus

Deianira & Nessus

Nessus

Death/Apotheosis of Herakles • marriage to Iole • poisoned robe • death of Herakles • apotheosis of Herakles • marriage to Hebe

Deianira

Death/Apotheosis of Herakles • marriage to Iole • poisoned robe • death of Herakles • apotheosis of Herakles • marriage to Hebe

Herakles & Philoktetes

Death of Herakles

Hebe

Themes encounters with death Hydra, Stymphalian Birds, Alcestis, Geryon, Cerberus cosmogonic battles Lion, Hydra, Cerberus, Hesperid Serpent enforcement of xenia Ceryneian Deer, Alcestis, Antaeus, Busiris, Cercopes, Nessus violation of xenia Linus, Megara, Pholus, Cheiron, Alcestis, Hippolyta, Iphitus

Herakles as Split Character culture-bringer, tamer of nature, avenger of lawlessness (esp. xenia) savage, destructive, uncontrollable beast-man, violator of xenia liminal character, perpetually trapped in initiation mode

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