Streaming Video over the Internet

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Jeopardy Q 1 Q 6 Q 11 Q 16 Q 21 Q 2 Q 7 Q 12 Q 17 Q 22 Q 3 Q 8 Q 13
Advertisements

Internet for multimedia content Yogendra Pal Chief Engineer, All India Radio.
1 Haitao Zheng and Jill Boyce IEEE Transaction on Multimedia Leif 9/10/01 An Improved UDP Protocol for Video Transmission Over Internet-to-Wireless Networks.
1 IP Telephony (VoIP) CSI4118 Fall Introduction (1) A recent application of Internet technology – Voice over IP (VoIP): Transmission of voice.
TCP-FCW – transport protocol for real-time transmissions on high-loss networks Sergei Kozlov,
1 Quality of Service Issues Network design and security Lecture 12.
1 Improving TCP Performance over Mobile Networks HALA ELAARAG Stetson University Speaker : Aron ACM Computing Surveys 2002.
25 seconds left…...
We will resume in: 25 Minutes.
T.Sharon-A.Frank 1 Multimedia Quality of Service (QoS)
Multimedia Systems As Presented by: Craig Tomastik.
Fundamentals of Multimedia Part III: Multimedia Communications and Networking Chapter 15 : Network Services and Protocols for Multimedia Communications.
29.1 Chapter 29 Multimedia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
29.1 Chapter 29 Multimedia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 25 Multimedia.
Yi Liang Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University April 19, 2000 Loss Recovery and Adaptive Playout Control for Packet Voice Communications.
Multimedia Streaming Protocols1 Multimedia Streaming: Jun Lu Xinran (Ryan) Wu CSE228 Multimedia Systems Challenges and Protocols.
Streaming Video over the Internet: Approaches and Directions Dapeng Wu, Yiwei Thomas Hou et al. Presented by: Abhishek Gupta
Multimedia Over Internet. Growth of Internet ● No production cost ● Low cost infrastructure ● No fees for joining or licenses to buy ● Choice of products.
Application layer (continued) Week 4 – Lecture 2.
Real-time traffic Dr. Abdulaziz Almulhem. Almulhem©20012 Agenda RT traffic characteristic RT traffic profiles RT traffic requirements RT Architecture.
Streaming Media. Unicast Redundant traffic Multicast One to many.
Multimedia Applications r Multimedia requirements r Streaming r Phone over IP r Recovering from Jitter and Loss r RTP r Diff-serv, Int-serv, RSVP.
TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1 Chapter 25 Upon completion you will be able to: Multimedia Know the characteristics of the 3 types of services Understand the methods.
RTP/RTCP – Real Time Transport Protocol/ Real Time Control Protocol Presented by Manoj Sivakumar.
CS640: Introduction to Computer Networks
CS 218 F 2003 Nov 3 lecture:  Streaming video/audio  Adaptive encoding (eg, layered encoding)  TCP friendliness References: r J. Padhye, V.Firoiu, D.
RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
1 CMSCD1011 Introduction to Computer Audio Lecture 10: Streaming audio for Internet transmission Dr David England School of Computing and Mathematical.
CIS679: RTP and RTCP r Review of Last Lecture r Streaming from Web Server r RTP and RTCP.
6: Multimedia Networking6a-1 Chapter 6: Multimedia Applications r Multimedia requirements r Streaming r Phone over IP r Recovering from Jitter and Loss.
Multimedia and QoS#1#1 Multimedia Applications. Multimedia and QoS#2#2 Multimedia Applications r Multimedia requirements r Streaming r Recovering from.
Multimedia Communications
Multimedia Communications Student: Blidaru Catalina Elena.
Streaming Video over the Internet Dapeng Wu Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Florida.
Computer Networks: Multimedia Applications Ivan Marsic Rutgers University Chapter 3 – Multimedia & Real-time Applications.
Quality of Service in the Internet The slides of part 1-3 are adapted from the slides of chapter 7 published at the companion website of the book: Computer.
Chapter 5: Summary r principles behind data link layer services: m error detection, correction m multiple access protocols m link layer addressing, ARP.
1 How Streaming Media Works Bilguun Ginjbaatar IT 665 Nov 14, 2006.
Multimedia Over IP: RTP, RTCP, RTSP “Computer Science” Department of Informatics Athens University of Economics and Business Λουκάς Ελευθέριος.
TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1 Chapter 25 Upon completion you will be able to: Multimedia Know the characteristics of the 3 types of services Understand the methods.
1 Lecture 17 – March 21, 2002 Content-delivery services. Multimedia services Reminder  next week individual meetings and project status report are due.
CS640: Introduction to Computer Networks Aditya Akella Lecture 19 - Multimedia Networking.
Chapter 6 outline r 6.1 Multimedia Networking Applications r 6.2 Streaming stored audio and video m RTSP r 6.3 Real-time Multimedia: Internet Phone Case.
1 o characteristics – From an application-level API to the physical layer – CBR, VBR, ABR and UBR – Cell: bytes – Virtual circuits: virtual channel.
Streaming Media Control n The protocol components of the streaming n RTP/RTCP n RVSP n Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)
03/11/2015 Michael Chai; Behrouz Forouzan Staffordshire University School of Computing Streaming 1.
McGraw-Hill©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004 Chapter 28 Multimedia.
Chapter 28. Network Management Chapter 29. Multimedia
Internet Measurment Multimedia 1. Properties Challenges Tools State of the Art 2.
Multimedia streaming Application Anandi Giridharan Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – , India Querying.
Internet multimedia: simplest approach audio, video not streamed: r no, “pipelining,” long delays until playout! r audio or video stored in file r files.
Ch 6. Multimedia Networking Myungchul Kim
TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1 Chapter 25 Upon completion you will be able to: Multimedia Know the characteristics of the 3 types of services Understand the methods.
Ch 6. Multimedia Networking Myungchul Kim
Multimedia Streaming I. Fatimah Alzahrani. Introduction We can divide audio and video services into three broad categories: streaming stored audio/video,
Introduction to Quality of Service Klara Nahrstedt CS 538.
Multimedia Communication Systems Techniques, Standards, and Networks Chapter 6 Multimedia Communication Across Networks.
Networked Multimedia Basics. Network Characteristics.
19 – Multimedia Networking
Chapter 29 Multimedia Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Klara Nahrstedt Spring 2009
Multimedia Applications
Chapter 25 Multimedia TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Multimedia networking: outline
CSE679: Multimedia and Networking
RTP and RTSP Realtime Transport Protocol
CIS679: MPEG-2 Review of MPEG-1 MPEG-2 Multimedia and networking.
Multimedia networking: outline
Multimedia Applications
Presentation transcript:

Streaming Video over the Internet

Characteristics of Multimedia Data Voluminous — they demand very high data rates, possibly dozens or hundreds of Mbps. Real-time and interactive — they demand low delay and synchronization between audio and video for “lip sync”. In addition, applications such as video conferencing and interactive multimedia also require two-way traffic. Sometimes bursty — data rates fluctuate drastically, e.g., no traffic most of the time but burst to high volume in video-on-demand.

Quality of Multimedia Data Transmission Quality of Service (QoS) depends on many parameters: Data rate: a measure of transmission speed. Latency (maximum frame/packet delay): maximum time needed from transmission to reception. Packet loss or error: a measure (in percentage) of error rate of the packetized data transmission. Jitter: a measure of smoothness of the audio/video playback, related to the variance of frame/packet delays.

Fig. 1: Jitters in frame playbacks. (a) High jitter, (b) Low jitter.

Multimedia Service Classes Real-Time (also Conversational): two-way traffic, low latency and jitter, possibly with prioritized delivery, e.g., voice telephony and video telephony. Priority Data: two-way traffic, low loss and low latency, with prioritized delivery, e.g., E-commerce applications. Silver: moderate latency and jitter. One-way traffic, e.g., streaming video, or two-way traffic (also Interactive), e.g., web surfing, Internet games. Best Effort (also Background): no real-time requirement, e.g., downloading or transferring large files (movies). Bronze: no guarantees for transmission.

Table 1: Requirement on Network Bandwidth / Bit-rate

Table 2: Tolerance of Latency and Jitter in Digital Audio and Video

What is Steaming Video Download mode: No delay bound Streaming mode: delay bound

Challenges for Quality Video Transport Time-Varying Available Bandwidth No bandwidth reservation

Time-Varying Delay

Effect of Packet Loss

Architecture for Video Streaming Upon the request, a streaming server retrieves compressed video/audio data from storage devies, then the application –layer QoS control module adapts the vide/audio bit steams according to the network status and QoS requirments. After this adaptation, the tranport protocol packetize the compressed bit streams and send the video/audio packet to the interent or wireless IP networks.Packets may be dropped or experince excesssive delay on the internet due to congestion; On wireless iP segments, packets may be damaged by bit errors. To improve the quality of video/audio transmission, continous media distribution services are deployed in the interenet. Packet are sucessive delived to reciever first pass through the transprot layers and then are processed by application layer before being decoded at the video/audo decoder. To achieve sychronization between video and audio presentations, media synchronization mechanism are required. From Figure 15.1, it can be seens that seven areas are colosely related, and that they are coherent consituents of the video streaming architecture.

Video Compression Layered Video encoding/decoding D denotes the decoder

Application of Layered Video

Application-Layer QoS Control Congestion control (using rate control) Source-based, requires Rate-adaptive compression or Rate shaping Receiver-based Hybrid Error Control Forward error correction (FEC) Retransmission Error resilient compression Error concealment Application layer QoS control maximizes video quality in the presence of pakcet loss and changes in available bandwidth. Application-layer QoS control techniques include congestion control and error control

Congest Control Source-based Rate Control Rate shaper is a technique trough which the rate of precompressed video bit streams can be adapted to a target rate contraints.

Mode-based Approach The source is reponsible for adapting video transmission rate. Typically, feedback is employed by source-based rate control mechanism. Based on the feedback inforamtion about the network, the sender can regulate the rate of video stream. The model based is based on a throughput model of a tcp connection. Specifically, the throughput of a TCP connection can be characterized by the following formula. The equaition is used to determine the sending rate of video stream. In tthis way, the video connection can avoid the congestion Where is the throughput of a TCP connection, MTU (maximum transmission unit) is the packet size used by the connection, RTT is the round-trip time for the connection, and p is the packet-loss ratio experienced by the connection.

Receiver-based Rate Control IP multicast for layered video Under receive-based rate control, recievers regulate the receivng rate of video streams by adding and dropping channels, whereas the sender does not particiatpe in rate control. Typically, reciever-based rate control is only applied to laeyred multicast

Error Control FEC Delay-constrained retransmission Channel coding Source coding-based FEC Joint source/channel coding Delay-constrained retransmission Error resilient Compression Error concealment

Channel Coding

Delay-constrained Retransmission When the receiver detects the loss of packet N: If Send the request for packet N to the sender The tolearance of error in estimaing RTT, the sender’s response time, the reciever

Streaming Server Different from a web server Timing constraints Video-cassette-recorder(VCR) functions (e.g., fast forward/backward, random access, and pause/resume). Design of streaming servers Real-time operating system Special disk scheduling schemes

Media Synchronization Why media synchronization Example: lip-synchronization (video/audio)

Protocol for Streaming Video Network-layer protocol: Internet Protocol (IP) Transport protocol Lower layer: UDP & TCP Upper layer: Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) & Real-Time Control Protocol (RTCP) Session control protocol Real-time streaming protocol (RTSP): RealPlayer Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) : Microsoft Windows MediaPlayer; Internet Telephony

Protocol Stacks

Summary Challenges for Quality video transport Time-varying available bandwidth Time-varying delay Packet loss An architecture for video streaming Application-layer QoS control Streaming server Media synchronization mechanisms Protocols for steaming media