Turn of the Century US Expansion

Blue Hawaiian Europeans and Americans involvement in Hawaii Treaty of 1887 - King Kalākaua Queen Lili'uokalani - 1890 US Marines sent in 1891

The Republic of Hawaii Committee of Safety Pres. Cleveland's (Dem) response? The Republic of Hawaii Annexation?

“A Splendid Little War” The Spanish-American War, 1898

Spanish Problems Spain prior to the 18th Century Napoleon Colonial losses Spain at the turn of the 20th Century La Gloriosa

Cuba Libre José Martí, 1895 Cuban Revolution Spanish response Concentration camps, widespread executions US response Politically Publicly

Yellow Journalism Newspaper war between Joseph Pulitzer (New York World) and William Randolph Hearst (New York Journal) Coverage of Spanish atrocities McKinley's politics

The Sinking of the USS Maine, or a lot of Nothing Makes Sense February 1898, USS Maine On the evening of Feb. 15th the Maine exploded, killing over 200 US sailors Different theories that don't make sense: Spanish torpedo Spanish mined the harbor Internal explosion US sank it to instigate the war

The Spanish-American War The sinking of the Maine further ignited the US press. Hearst and Pulitzer declared that it was a Spanish attack. In April 1898 McKinley sent an ultimatum to Spain: withdraw from Cuba or go to war. Spain declared war on the US on April 23, 1898. “The Splendid Little War” lasted just over six weeks. The US gained a legitimate global empire.

The Pacific Theater May1898 Admiral Dewey in the Philippines US captures Manila Guam... Effectively ended Spain's influence in the Pacific in just over a month

The Battle for Cuba

Teddy, San Juan Hill, and Spanish Defeat More than 15,000 US troops marched into Cuba, including Teddy Roosevelt's “Rough Riders” and the 10th Cavalry Buffalo Soldiers What really happened at San Juan Hill US Navy defeats Spanish Fleet in Caribbean Spain called for a ceasefire on Aug 12, 1898. In December, the US & Spain completed the Treaty of Paris ending the Spanish-American War.

Treaty of Paris, #19 The Treaty of Paris, 1898 ended the Spanish American War. The US annexed Puerto Rico and Guam. Bought the Philippines for $20 million. Cuba gained its independence (from both Spain and the US), but the US bargained for additional favors in Cuba including a permanent naval base in Guantánamo Bay

American Empire? Whether intended or not, the US gained a global empire following the Spanish-American War. Politically, most Republicans favored expansion and most Democrats were anti-imperialist Finally, the US held the dominant position in the Western Hemisphere, altering foreign policy