Warm Up – October 3 Answer the following questions on a post it: 1. What people invaded the western part of the Roman Empire bringing it to an end? 2. How were the new Germanic Kingdoms different than life in Rome? 3. What leader would expand a new empire across western Europe and attempt to unite kingdoms back into an empire? 4. What was the government and the economy of the Middle Ages? 5. Who owned the land in feudalism? Who ran the land in feudalism? Who protected the land? And who worked on the land?

The Crusades and The Black Death Unit 4: Middle ages The Crusades and The Black Death

The Crusades The Crusades What is a crusade? A holy war involving the journey of thousands of Europeans to reclaim the holy land of Jerusalem in the name of Christianity In all, there were 8 or 9 Crusades (depending on your source)

The Crusades Starts in 1093 and lasts for nearly 300 years When were the Crusades? Starts in 1093 and lasts for nearly 300 years

The Crusades Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons Social: Opportunity to get knights to stop fighting each other and fight a new foe. These knights threatened peace in Europe. Economic: The Holy Lands of Jerusalem were generally wealthier than Europe and many wanted to get their share of that wealth

The Crusades Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons Economic: Younger sons who did not stand to inherit father’s property were looking for wealth and adventure Economic: Merchants supplied loans to finance the journey

The Crusades Why crusade? Social, Economic, Spiritual, & Political reasons Political: A chance for the pope to gain territory instead of Byzantine rival Spiritual: Fight/die on Crusade = ticket to heaven (Christian contradiction)

The Crusades Second Crusade The Muslim Army under command of Saladin captured Jerusalem again in 1187 The Christians crusade to defeat Saladin and recapture the city

The Crusades The Third Crusade Led by 3 of Europe’s most powerful monarchs Philip II of France – went home German Emperor Frederick – drowned on journey

The Crusades

The Crusades Other attempts 4th Crusade failed to recapture Jerusalem In the 1200s, four more Crusades were also unsuccessful The Children’s Crusade

The Crusades Effects of the Crusades Example of Church power Trade expanded between Europe and Southwest Asia Thousands of knights and other participants lost their lives Those who survived brought back culture to Europe Persecution of Jews; thousands were slaughtered because they were infidels Failure of later crusades lessened the power of the pope The Crusades weakened the power of the feudal nobility (Knights were dead) Began a legacy of bitterness and hatred of Christians for the Muslims and vice versa

The Crusades Result: The Crusades were a violation of “Thou Shalt Not Kill.” It was also an example of an abuse of church power. The effects of the Crusades are still felt through that region of the world today.

Bubonic Plague 1300s - DEADLY DISEASE AFFECTED PARTS OF ASIA, NORTH AFRICA, AND EUROPE DESTROYED SOCIETIES KILLED ⅓ OF THE POPULATION OF EUROPE

Black Death Groups – 4th Period Group 1 – Gabrielle, Blair Group 2 – Savannah, Ashlee, Jada Group 3 – Emma, Ellie, Isleth Group 4 – Amya, Alexis, Alex Group 5 – Sean, Ashley H, India Group 6 – Aryan, Josh, Chris Simons Group 7 – Ethan, Chris Strickland, Donovan Group 8 – Alicia, Anna, Zach Group 9 – Brian, Elmer, Sean Group 10 – Taylor, Kyndal, Kate Group 11 – Noah, Da’Shaun, Adam

TOD – October 3 Answer the following questions on the same post it as the warm up: