Standard 15 The student will be able to describe the impact of industrialization, the rise of nationalism, & the major characteristics of worldwide imperialism

Industrial Revolution 1700’s -1800’s when machines become the primary method of producing goods How were goods produced prior to the Industrial Revolution???

Industrialization Needs: 1. Natural Resources Coal, water, iron ore, rivers, harbors 2. Capital 3. Stable gov’t & economy 4. Labor New inventions increase harvests food surplus= in population= demand for products Wealthy buy farms to get control of natural resources, so farmers have to move to cities for work

Beginnings in Great Britain GB is an island with plenty of rivers & harbors Coal in large amounts British merchants had made a lot of money off of triangular trade Invest in businesses

Textile Industry Involves everything needed to make things out of cloth First area of production to industrialize

Inventions drive Industry! Pre-Industry Production Post-Industry Hand processing Cotton/wool Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney) Spinning Wheel Thread Waterframe (Richard Arkwright) Hand loom Cloth Powerloom

Steam Power James Watt Invented the first steam- powered engine Used to power factories and create industries (Railroad)

Spread of Industrialization Countries began borrowing British technology Germany and the United States both became industrial leaders Both had more resources than GB making it easier to industrialize

Impact of Industrialization Urbanization Growth of cities as a result of people moving into urban areas from rural areas.

City growth Poor sanitation Increased sickness Poor housing

Working Conditions 14hr work day No safety regulations Little or no breaks Extensive child labor No job security

Social Class Changes Working class Factory workers Most in poverty Women & children forced to work b/c husbands made low wages that could not support the family

Social Class Changes Middle class Factory owners & merchants Women did not work but stayed home to raise the children Source of pride for middle-class men: Cult of Domesticity

Do Now Which of the following societies would you rather live in? Society 1: everyone is given a share of profits by the owner of the company that they work for Everyone makes the same amount of money as everyone else which makes all people equal Society 2 Everyone can choose what job they want to do everyone makes different amounts of money not everyone can afford the same things as everyone else? Explain why you chose the one you did.

Capitalism Economic system that developed during the Industrial Revolution Focused on individuals opening businesses with the goal of making a profit Resulted in big gaps between rich and poor

Capitalism Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations Laissez faire Type of capitalism where the government does not interfere in the economy at all (individual rights)

Reform Movements Karl Marx Opponent of capitalism The Communist Manifesto Communism Everyone has the same rights, therefore no one should have more than anyone else Everything should be owned equally by everyone. This would be accomplished by the working class revolting