Warm Up – February 1 Seating chart is on the board, find your name and sit in your new seat 10 min to review with each other for your test

Hinduism

TEST REVIEW What did Mesopotamia have to establish due to their lack of natural resources? What is a city-state? What was the Ziggurat? What is cultural diffusion? Social classes- who is at the top and bottom of the Social Classes in Mesopotamia?

TEST REVIEW Social classes – who is at the top and bottom of the Social classes in Egypt? Why are historians not sure about the origins and decline of Ancient India’s civilization? What were the major innovations of the Harappan Civilization? What natural barriers existed in Ancient China?

TEST REVIEW The names of the two rivers that flood Mesopotamia making the ground extremely fertile for farming giving the land the name “Fertile Crescent” Cultural center of Mesopotamia used as a government center and place of worship Egyptian System of writing that uses both symbols and pictures to depict letters The two Rivers in Ancient China that made land that was directly near farmable Term used by the Zhou Dynasty that the right to rule comes directly from spirits

TEST REVIEW City in Mesopotamia that was one of the world’s first cities Term used to describe a city that functions like an independent country Mountain range that served as a natural barrier for both the ancient civilizations in India and China First written set of laws; developed by civilization in Mesopotamia

TEST REVIEW Name given to the Old Stone Age Name given to the New Stone Age The two groups that had the most power and influence in Egypt and were the highest social class Process of embalming and drying a corpse before burial Type of rule used by the Zhou Dynasty that has families ruling different regions of a country

AFTER THE TEST… Bring your test, answer sheet and sheet of paper up to my desk Staple your answer sheet to the sheet of paper Pick up the guided notes on Hinduism

Hinduism Basics ~950 million followers 14% of world’s population Oldest major religion Third Largest Religion in the world ~950 million followers 14% of world’s population Dominant in India

Hinduism Basics Polytheistic No founder No single text Not a unified religion Polytheistic No founder No single text No central authority

Main Gods Brahma – creator god

Main Gods Vishnu – preserver god Keeps good and evil in balance

Main Gods Shiva – destroyer and restorer Responsible for death & reincarnation

Key Beliefs Basic morality (don’t murder, steal, etc.) Dharma = Hinduism’s rules: Basic morality (don’t murder, steal, etc.) Don’t touch bodily fluids, waste or garbage Be nice to cows (they’re sacred) Follow the rules for your caste

Key Beliefs Karma Reincarnation Balance of good and bad actions in a lifetime Reincarnation Continuous cycle of death and rebirth Into higher or lower caste based on karma from previous life

Caste System System of ranking people Hereditary, permanent Viewed as reward or punishment for karma in previous life

Caste System Brahmins - highest caste; priests

Caste System Kshatriyas - second highest; kings & warriors

Caste System Vaishyas - landowners, merchants, artisans

Caste System Shudras - Lowest caste; unskilled laborers

Caste System Butchers, gravediggers, trash collectors Untouchables – considered below caste system Perform jobs that make them “impure” Butchers, gravediggers, trash collectors

Caste System Different castes shouldn’t socialize, marry Dharma for caste system: Different castes shouldn’t socialize, marry Lower castes should respect upper castes People should do the job for their caste