23-3 Precipitation.

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Presentation transcript:

23-3 Precipitation

Precipitation Moisture that falls to the Earth’s surface Rain Sleet Snow Hail

Precipitation Snowflakes get smaller in colder temperatures Sleet – rain falls through a layer of freezing air Clear ice pellets Glaze ice – freezes when it hits the ground

Precipitation Hail – solid lumps of ice Convection currents carry raindrops to high levels and freeze Can be carried up multiple times

Coalescence Formation of a large droplet Combination of smaller drops

Supercooling Substance is cooled below freezing, condensation, or sublimation point Doesn’t go through a change of state -50 C Not enough freezing nuclei Most evaporate and vapor condenses to ice crystals and fall as snow (can melt in warm temps)

Measuring Precipitation Rain gauge 10 cm of snow will melt to produce 1 cm of water

Doppler Radar Bounces radio waves off of precipitation

Cloud Seeding Introducing freezing nuclei or condensation nuclei into a cloud Silver iodide