Chapter 14: CANADA TODAY (310-330)

CHAPTER INQUIRY How have citizens reacted to the social and political changes that have been taking place in Canada since the 1960s?

TERMS Bilingualism Bicultural Refugees Immigrant Urbanization Self-government Points system

(Multiculturalism/Immigration Policy & Act) MAIN CONCEPTS 1. A Diverse Society (Multiculturalism/Immigration Policy & Act) 2. First Nations & Metis in Western Canada (Self Government) 3. Francophones in Alberta & Canada 4. Urban & Rural Canada

For example, the Amazing Waste Race here at HT! ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP Citizenship means being members in community. Every citizen of a country plays a part in making it a better place to live. Citizenship brings responsibilities. For example, the Amazing Waste Race here at HT!

DIVERSE SOCIETY IMMIGRANT: A person who moves to a new country from his/her home country. Until the second World War, the majority of people living here were either French or British descent. BICULTURAL: Belief that Canada was built on two cultures.

A NEW IMMIGRATION POLICY When immigrants from Western Europe slowed down coming to Canada, our country had to find a way to attract immigrants from other countries! People not welcome in the past, were now allowed to move to Canada. POINTS SYSTEM: Way to rate each person as they moved here.

POINTS SYSTEM: IMMIGRATION http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/skilled/apply-who.asp

IMMIGRATION ACT OF 1978 1960s-1970s Canada’s economy was booming Country needed immigrants to fill jobs. Created the Immigration Act of 1978: Attract skilled, educated immigrants Reunite families that have been separated Accept REFUGES (people who were in danger in their own country) Allow them all to become citizens

MULTICULTURALISM

MULTICULURALISM Policy of Multiculturalism in 1971: Moved from BICULTURAL to MULTICULTURAL! Policy of Multiculturalism in 1971: Each culture/group makes an important contribution to Canadian society. Government should help Canadians protect & enhance cultures. Government should promote respect & equality for all Canadians.

CITIZENS RIGHTS 1982 = Charter of Rights & Freedoms became law. One section is “Individual Rights” Voting Belong to any organization or political party Fair trial (Crime) Practice any religion Run for political office Move freely from place to place in Canada

FIRST NATIONS & METIS in Western Canada Aboriginal Baby Boom: The generation of babies born after the second World War. Young Aboriginal peoples were having babies! This boom gave them a chance to strengthen their culture. This large # of young people caused some problems: More schools & houses needed Better health care is needed More jobs will be needed

FIRST NATIONS & METIS in Western Canada Self Government: The ability of First Nations and Inuit to make the decisions that affect their lives. They regained some control over their communities. They want other Canadians to recognize self government and respect their decisions.

Francophones in AB & Canada For ¼ Canadians, French is their first language Francophone or French immersion Schools Official Languages Act – 1969 Now every Canadian had the right to speak/use French or English. Except for New Brunswick, all other provinces are UNILINGUAL (Do not provide everyday services in both French & English)

FRANCO-ALBERTANS Crystal Plamondon (Singer) She sings in English, French & Cree. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMgjVivLwvk (Only watch a few minutes!)

URBAN & RURAL CANADA * Majority of people live in the Urban areas of Canada. Urbanization: steady movement of people from rural (country sides) to urban city centers.

LEDUC, ALBERTA

Why Did People Migrate Away From Countryside? Jobs Larger, but Fewer, Farms Rural Towns Shrinking Newcomers preferred Cities

THE END         You have responsibilities in your family. Citizens have responsibilities in Canada. Citizenship means accepting that not all Canadians share the same group identity. It also means accepting the bilingual nature of our country.

YOU TUBE CLIPS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzY_t8YtZE (Immigration) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6d5FMBcYik (Self Government) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2YARsz7rJU4 (Post War Baby Boom: Just watch a couple of moments) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJruzKy0p7g (Urbanization in Canada)