2GxABT, ULg, Passage des Déportés, 2. B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium Effects of maternal wheat bran supplementation on microbiota and intestinal parameters of piglets J. Leblois1,2, S. Massart2, J. Wavreille3, B. Li2, J. Bindelle2, N. Everaert2 1 FRIA-FNRS, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, Rue d’Egmont, 5. 1000 Brussels, Belgium 2GxABT, ULg, Passage des Déportés, 2. B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium 3Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Rue de Liroux, 9. B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium *julie.leblois@ulg.ac.be

Use and abuse of antibiotics (AB) Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Weaning piglets Mutiple stresses: Nutritional Emotionnal Social Gut disorders ETEC infections Less absorption of nutrients Use and abuse of antibiotics (AB)

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion

Use and abuse of antibiotics Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Use and abuse of antibiotics Multi-resistant bacteria Probiotics Need to find sustainable alternatives Zinc oxide Prebiotics Act on microbiota of the piglets

Use and abuse of antibiotics Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Use and abuse of antibiotics Multi-resistant bacteria Need to find sustainable alternatives Act on microbiota of the piglets Maturation of gut immune system Production of beneficial SCFA

Timing? Piglets before and/or at weaning Sows  before birth Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Timing? Piglets before and/or at weaning Sows  before birth Microbiota transfer Faeces during lactation Milk Umbilical cord

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Wheat bran Intestinal inflammatory response Microbiota SCFA production Villus height/crypt depth

Weaning: 16 female piglets euthanized Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion 7 CON sows & 8 WB sows Gestation 240g/kg DM WB Lactation 140g/kg DM WB Weaning: 16 female piglets euthanized

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Colon content Illumina MiSeq Duodenum, jejunum, ileum Haematoxylin/eosin coloration Ileum, caecum, colon contents SCFA

Ileum tissue Incubation 2 hours, 39°C, 5% CO2 Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Ileum tissue TLR4 TNF-α Control LPS 10µg/ml ZO-1 CLDN2 2 reference genes: GAPDH PPIA Incubation 2 hours, 39°C, 5% CO2

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion 5 genera differed between maternal treatment for piglets, including butyrate-producing Colinsella Leblois, J. et al. (2017) Modulation of piglets ’ microbiota : differential effects by a high wheat bran maternal diet during gestation and lactation. Sci. Rep. 7, article 7426

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Ileum Caecum Colon Acetate / WB > CON Butyrate WB < CON Valerate * p<0.05 + p<0.10

No impact of the LPS treatment Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion No impact of the LPS treatment Due to dose, incubation time or E. coli strain? No impact of the maternal treatment, considering or not LPS treatment

Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion Maternal treatment effect? Impact Microbiota Yes 5 genera impact, including butyrate-producing Colinsella. Transfer probably during lactation and gestation SCFA Less valerate WB pigs Higher acetate WB pigs Higher butyrate CON pigs Histomorphology Higher villi duodeneum WB pigs Shorter crypts jejunum WB pigs Higher ratio duodenum & jejunum WB pigs Inflammatory response No No impact of LPS challenge No impact of maternal treatment

For the future: Metabolomics/metatranscriptomics for piglets? Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion For the future: Metabolomics/metatranscriptomics for piglets? Jejunum: quantify the expression of carbohydrate transporter to determine wether the higher ratio could impact nutrient absorption Ex vivo: dose and incubation time may not be adequate

Acknowledgments National Fund For Scientific Research (FNRS-FRIA) For financial support: National Fund For Scientific Research (FNRS-FRIA) University of Liège For providing animals and facilities: CRA-w Julie.leblois@ulg.ac.be