Animal Kingdom Invertebrate Phylum

Animal Kingdom characteristics Eukaryotic Heterotrophic Multicellular Most sexual reproduction, asexual = budding, fragmentation No cell walls

Symmetry Asymmetry Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry

Porifera

The sponge Asymmetric Cell level of organization Cool characteristics: Choanocytes Amoeboid cells Spicules/spongin Mostly Asexual reproduction sessile

Cnidarians

anthozoa, hydrozoa, scyphozoan Symmetry - radial Tissue layer of organization Gastrovascular cavity Cool characteristics Mesoglea Cnidocytes, nematocysts 2 body forms: polyp and medusa

Nemertea and Platyhelminthes

Ribbon worms and flatworms Bilateral symmetry Gastrovascular cavity Sensory cells Level of organization? Cool characteristics Proboscis apparatus Free living or parasitic flatworms Cephalization Gas exchange through diffusion

Benefits of coelom – body cavity Freer body movements – outer wall independent of gut Ample space allows for growth of organs Fluid protects organs from damage Storage for reproductive, digestive wastes prior to being expelled Hydrostatic skeleton – muscle contraction against fluid in cavity

Nematoda and Rotifera

Roundworms and rotifers Bilateral Symmetry Pseudocoelomates Cool characteristics parasitic roundworms – Ascaris, Trichinella, filarial worms – dogs (heartworm) humans (elephantiasis) Crown of cilia – corona, locomotion

Protostomes Deuterostomes Mulluscs, annelids, arthropods Spiral and determinate cleavage Blastopore is mouth Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm Echinoderms and chordates Radial and indeterminate Blastopore is anus Coelom forms by outpocketing of primitive gut

Mollusca

mulluscs Bilateral Symmetry Coelomates Cool characteristics 3 part body plan (mantle, foot, visceral mass) Open circulatory system in most 3 main classes Bivalves Gastropoda cephalopoda

Annelids

Segmented worms Bilateral Symmetry Segmentation Digestive system with specialized regions Cool characteristics Marine worms, earth worms and leeches Setae – bristles that anchor the worm hermaphroditic

Arthropods

Jointed appendages Bilateral Symmetry Cool characteristics Exoskeleton of chitin, molt Segmentation is modified for specialization Well developed nervous system Variety of respiratory organs Metamorphosis – complete/incomplete

Echinoderms

Spiny skin Symmetry – radial-(adults) and bilateral-(larvae) Cool characteristics Primarily bottom dwellers Larvae are free swimming filter feeders with bilateral symmetry Endoskeleton made of spiny calcium rich plates called ossicles Water vascular system - locomotion