Time Line of Animal Evolution

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Presentation transcript:

Time Line of Animal Evolution 1st Fossil evidence of animals 570 mya = Proterozoic Era Adaptive radiation in early Cambrian Period of the Paleozoic Era Cambrian Explosion due to increased oxygen in atmosphere more energy predators become more mobile

Evolution of Animals Some type of Protist mutated to become multicellular Multicellular organisms start as a single cell (zygote) and grow into organisms with groups of specialized cells performing different functions All animals are multicellular

Proterospongia = Protist & common ancestor to all animals?

Proterospongia: Colonial, Unicellular Protists

Sponge collar cells

Phylum Porifera Sponges 3 types of cells Collar cells Amoebocytes Epidermis cells (protective outer layer of cells) No tissues Cells held together by jelly like substance Skeleton of spicules & spongin protein

Intracelluar digestion Collar cells take in food by endocytosis Food digested in food vacuoles Some food passed to amoebocytes Amoebocytes carry food around sponge body. (circulaton)

Other Porifera Traits Asymmetrical = no symmetry Respiration by diffusion Excretion by diffusion Reproduction = male gametes released into water, filtered out of water by another sponge. Female gametes stay in jelly until fertilized. Zygote grows into a swimming larva. Larva settles to ground & becomes sessile adult

All other Animals have True Tissues

Phylum Cnidaria Have stinging cells = cnidocytes Have tentacles Have myocytes = muscle like cells that contract 1st predator Radial symmetry = sit and wait predator 1st nervous system = nerve net & eye spots Phylum Cnidaria

Digestion & Circulation Have gastrovascular cavity for digestion & circulation 1st extra cellular digestion – cells lining GVC secrete digestive enzymes Evolutionary advantage = can eat larger food Cillia push digested food around the GVC GVC branches into all tentacles: comes near all cells

Respiration & Excretion Respiration by diffusion Excretion by diffusion Both are possible since entire body is only a few cell layers away from water

Reproduction = complex life cycle Medusa = swimming Polyp = sessile Medusa =sexual Egg & sperm External fertilizaion Polyp = asexual budding