Good morning, my name is…… SHELTER ESK TRAINING Good morning, my name is…… Introduce yourself (I work in GVA at he Shelter & Settlement department) Brief summary of CV (experience with RC/RC at field or HQ level) Thank organiser to have invited you to give this session Happy to have the opportunity to discuss these issues with such excellent participants.

Emergency Shelter Kits… Objectives: Understand what emergency shelter means Understand the purpose of and uses for the Emergency Shelter Kit Learn about different ways of using the shelter kits Learn about techniques for construction Consider the technical support that should accompany distribution The objectives of this session is that all the people will have a general understanding and common idea of what is shelter and which are the shelter support/response/tools on an emergency operation. Time 90 minutes (time constrain to talk on detail of the shelter sector… it will be a more general glance of what shelter means) Tell participants if you prefer them to ask questions as it goes (better but more challenging time keeping) or save them for the end (important to ensure you leave time at the end!!!)

Shelter as a Human Right The ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ provides the basis for materials planning in four different areas security of person: “everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person” privacy: “no one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence” peaceful enjoyment of possession: “everyone has the right to own property… no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property” adequate housing: “everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family” RE-DO DIAGRAM These need to be implemented through understandings of age, gender and diversity

What does shelter provide ?

Context specific Time allowed: 10 minutes approximately Ask the participants! Write on the board or the flip-chart all the answers given. It could be interesting to note the translation of the word « shelter » in different languages or dialects (ex.: hut, lean-to, etc.)

Settlement and Shelter Typologies

Characteristics of Emergency Shelter…. emergency relief – life saving support immediately after the disaster short term most basic shelter response: tents, tarpaulins, etc, often with salvaged materials host families, evacuation center, e.g. schools Question the participants, ask them to give examples: Emergency shelter: when it rains, I take shelter under the awning of a store while waiting for the end of the shower. Temporary shelter: my house was destroyed, so I built a temporary shelter before being able to build a permanent house. I won’t be staying in this temporary shelter for very long…. Transitional shelter: before being able to build a permanent house, I’ll gradually transform my temporary shelter to a transitional shelter. I am improving my temporary shelter to make it more comfortable…. Permanent shelter: my house is my permanent shelter.

Shelter is a process not just a product… Product / Phase Approach Tent Container House Process/ Needs Approach: Support Money KEY MESSAGES to convey: Shelter is a continuum process, where all the different components/phases are overlapped. There are 2 different approaches for the shelter response: product versus process. The first approach (Product/phase) is not only more expensive (items cannot be re-used, or recycled) but it is also more alienating for people that are moved from one place to another without taking an important part in the decision making process. The second approach is preferred. People are involved on the decision making process and participate on their own recovery process. They have the chance to choose what to do. This empower them. This addresses the issue of starting recovery on day one. The final object: HOME might look the same, but the result is not the same This may sound like a philosophical issue but it has some practical implications as we shall see later. Guidance Materials Tools

Beyond life saving Beyond survival, the key considerations are: health providing protection from the climate ensuring privacy, dignity and culture providing personal safety and security livelihood support

Shelter design should consider Design life Size and shape Hazards, vulnerabilities and safety Privacy, security and cultural appropriateness Ventilation and thermal comfort Costs and budgets Land tenure status Access to community services Participation, consultation and coordination Environmental impact

Standards and Guides

Guides and standards for shelters SPHERE standard IFRC Shelter Kit Guidelines Guide on plastic sheeting Timber guide

Minimum Standards in Shelter & Settlement Standard 1: Strategic planning Standard 2: Settlement planning Standard 3: Covered living space Standard 4: Construction Standard 5: Environmental impact

Minimum Standards in Shelter & Settlement Standard 3: Covered living space People have sufficient covered living space providing thermal comfort, fresh air and protection from the climate, ensuring their privacy, safety and health and enabling essential household and livelihood activities to be undertaken.

Minimum Standards in Shelter & Settlement Key actions: Covered living space Ensure that each affected household has adequate covered living space. Enable safe separation and privacy as required between the sexes, between different age groups and between separate families within a given household as required. Ensure that essential household and livelihood activities can be carried out within the covered living space or adjacent area.

Minimum Standards in Shelter & Settlement Key actions: Covered living space Promote the use of shelter solutions and materials that are familiar to the disaster-affected population and, where possible, culturally and socially acceptable and environmentally sustainable. Assess the specific climatic conditions for all seasons to provide optimal thermal comfort, ventilation and protection.

IFRC Shelter Kit Guidelines Definitions Definition of shelter Definition and content of the IFRC Shelter Kit 4 Sections A- Planning B –Construction and repair C- Shelter Examples D - Specifications

Section B: Construction + Repairs B.1 think before you build: the possibility to repair or upgrade a structure the design of a structure the comfort and habitability This section provides basic construction advises for the construction of shelters

Emergency Shelter Location What should be considered: Safety Environment Weather Other…..

Section B: Construction + Repairs B.2 Site preparation, drainage and flooring B.3 Anchors and Foundations B.4 Frame and bracing Rectangular structures can be deformed without reinforcements. Triangular structures are more resistant than rectangular ones. This section provides basic construction advises for the construction of shelters Reinforcing the wall diagonally forms a triangle, providing more resistance. Ropes boards, steel cables, etc. may be used.

Section B: Construction + Repairs B.2 Site preparation, drainage and flooring B.3 Anchors and Foundations B.4 Frame and bracing: Joints Timber This section provides basic construction advises for the construction of shelters Bamboo Fixing to poles together in right angel

Section B: Construction + Repairs B.5 Coverings B.6 Construction checklist Fixing plastic tarpaulin to rope: lf tying the rope through plastic tarpaulin without eyelets, fold the sheet first, or make a hole in the reinforcement band. Left: rope is tied to a knot Right: a small stone is folded up in the tarpaulin the rope is tied behind it. This section provides basic construction advises for the construction of shelters

Section C: Shelter Examples This section provides basic construction advises for the construction of shelters

Plastic Sheeting This guide explains the principal uses of tarpaulins in construction of shelters, toilet blocks & infrastructure.

Plastic sheeting: Main themes Tarpaulin, by itself, is not a solution for construction on its own. It must be combined with other building materials and fixings to create a secure structure. Give preference to local building materials which are more durable than tarpaulin: palm leaves, banana trees or other, thatch, straw, adobe (especially for the walls)… Tarpaulin only represents a temporary solution (lifespan of less than 2 years)

Plastic sheeting: Section A: Planning and Use Alternatives Logistics and distribution Using plastic sheeting Fixing plastic sheeting Climate Fire safety Disposal and re-use Other types of sheeting

Plastic sheeting

Exercises – Find a Site

Videos

Technical Support Information Demonstration Practical help How will you response provide this?