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Presentation transcript:

Do Now: How do you determine what brands to buy? Obj: Explain how the U.S. Government promoted the war Analyze the effect propaganda had on American citizens Do Now: How do you determine what brands to buy?

Mobilization at Home WWI

Business Government Cooperation Federal Government and Private Business Became Partners Government positions went to CEOs Suspended Anti Trust Laws Standardized Production Fuel Administration Coal Administration Railroad Administration Federal Expenditures increased to $760 million a month from April 1917 to August 1919

War Industries Board Bernard Baruch a prosperous business man ran the WIB It encouraged mass production techniques to increase efficiency and output Production increased 20% and waste decrease

War Industries Board Gasless Sundays and Meatless Wednesdays conserved supplies for the war effort The government implemented daylight savings time to take advantage of the sun’s light

Food Administration Herbert Hoover Conserve Food Victory Gardens Meatless Mondays Wheatless Wednesdays Farming Boom Gross farm income rose 230% from 1914 to 1919

America’s Economy (Labor) Relaxed immigration law Increased roles for women U.S. Housing Corporation -provided housing for wartime production workers near arsenals and shipyards Great Migration ---1916-1919, ½ Million African Americans moved north

America’s Economy (Labor) Limited purchasing power Higher cost of living National War Labor Board Encouraged management to cooperate with unions Unions 2.5 M/1916, 4 M/1919 Discouraged strikes and lock outs Industrial owners reaped the profits of a wartime economy Increased earnings

America’s Economy America paid for much of the war through the sale of $23 billion of war bonds, an increased excise tax on tobacco products and liquor (sin tax) and a new progressive income tax War Revenue Act 1917-greatly increased federal income tax rates while simultaneously lowering exemptions

America’s Propaganda Civil Liberties Affected Silence dissenters Pacifists, conscientious objectors, socialists, labor groups CPI Committee on Public Information George Creel Propaganda machine “self censorship” Exaggeration, fear-mongering, distortions

America’s Propaganda Espionage Act 1917 and Sedition Act 1918 – prevented citizens from speaking out against the war or draft Freedom of speech violation Oliver Wendell Holmes Schenck v. US --- first amendment restricted, clear and present danger

America’s Propaganda Sauerkraut Dachshunds Hamburger German measles Liberty cabbage Liberty pups Salisbury steak Liberty measles Just in case you think this is stupid, remember Freedom Fries?

Propaganda Poster Color: Is it patriotic or just colorful and eye catching? Words: Who is the poster speaking to…rich intellectuals, small children, or someone in between. Symbols: Are there any symbols that mean or stand for other things. (e.g. an eagle is a symbol of freedom) Message: Simple……..what is it going to say? Audience: Who are you addressing in your poster? Who do you want to be reading this poster? Purpose: Which branch of the military or government agency is this poster created to support?

Originally published as the cover for the July 6, 1916, issue of Leslie's Weekly with the title "What Are You Doing for Preparedness?" this portrait of "Uncle Sam" went on to become--according to its creator, James Montgomery Flagg--"the most famous poster in the world." Over four million copies were printed between 1917 and 1918.

During the First World War, the United States Fuel Administration promoted economic mobilization at home with this poster printed in several languages.

In this 1917 poster, the committee also warned against German spies, perhaps even German American spies, who might pick up secrets from unsuspecting citizens.

This poster encouraged Americans to buy Liberty bonds (that is, loan money to the government) by emphasizing the image of the vicious and brutal Hun.

Leslie's Illustrated News cover from September 29, 1917.

In 1918, this poster by James Montgomery Flagg appealed to American women to contribute to victory by conserving food through raising and preserving food for their families.

WWI sheet music

Propaganda Poster Color: Is it patriotic or just colorful and eye catching? Words: Who is the poster speaking to…rich intellectuals, small children, or someone in between. Symbols: Are there any symbols that mean or stand for other things. (e.g. an eagle is a symbol of freedom) Message: Simple……..what is it going to say? Audience: Who are you addressing in your poster? Who do you want to be reading this poster? Purpose: Which branch of the military or government agency is this poster created to support?

Activity Propaganda poster