Do Now Make observations about the two pictures below. B A

Connective Tissues Chapter 5 Section 3

Objectives List the various types of connective tissue, and where they are located in the body. Identify the major cells found within connective tissue.

Connective Tissue: Functions Establish structural framework Provide support and protection Defend against pathogens Binds structures together Fill spaces Store fat Produce blood cells

Connective Tissues: Characteristics Never exposed to the environment Vascular Good blood supply and well nourished Cells are not as compacted as epithelial cells Has an extracellular matrix: Consists of protein fibers and ground substance Can be solid, semisolid, or liquid.

Characteristics Continued Specialized cells: Prefixes: Fibro  Fiber Chondro  Cartilage Osteo  Bone Suffixes: Blasts  Create Clasts  Breakdown Cytes Maintain(cells)

Major Cell Types: Fixed Cells Fixed Cells: reside in tissue for extended period of time Fibroblasts: Most common and most abundant fixed cell Large and star-shaped Secrete proteins into matrix to produce fibers

Other Cell Types Adipocyte: Fat Cell Chondrocyte: Cartilage Cell Chondroblast: Fat Cell Cartilage Cell Builds Cartilage

Other Cell Types Continued Osteoblast: Osteoclast: Osterocyte: Builds Bone Removes Bone Bone Cell

Other Cell Types Continued Plasma Cell: Produces Antibodies Platelet: Help with blood clotting Red Blood Cell: Delivers oxygen to the body

Do Now You have a patient coming to you complaining about pain in their antebrachial. You conduct an X- ray and see that there is a stress fracture. What type of cells will help build new bone tissue, and which cells will help maintain it?

Objectives List the various types of connective tissue, and where they are located in the body. Identify the major cells found within connective tissue.

Connective Tissue Proper Loose CT (Areolar) Open fiber framework Highly Vascularized Adipose Dense CT Tightly packed fibers Poorly vascularized Two types: Regular Irregular

1. Loose (Areolar) CT Forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body. Highly Vascularized and the Most Common Functions: Binds skin to organs Nourishes the epithelium Fills space between muscles Locations: Between muscles Beneath epithelium Cells: Fibroblasts

2. Adipose CT Certain cells (adipocytes) store fat in cytoplasm and enlarge. Crowd other cells to form adipose tissue Functions: Energy Storage Padding (Protection) and Insulation Locations: Beneath skin and Between muscles Behind the Eyeballs Around the Kidneys Surface of heart Cells: Adipocytes

Fibers are parallel aligned with direction of force (1 direction!) 3. Dense CT: Regular Fibers are parallel aligned with direction of force (1 direction!) Functions Strong (withstand stretching) Stabilize position Locations Tendons Ligaments Cells: Fibroblasts

3. Dense CT: Irregular Mesh of Fibers Functions: Locations: Resist tension from many directions Protection Locations: Dermis (Deep Skin) Around organs Cells: Fibroblasts

Matrix= Plasma (fluid) Specialized CT: Blood Matrix= Plasma (fluid) Functions Transport nutrients , wastes, and defense cells throughout the body Maintain Homeostasis (Balance) Locations Contained in blood vessels Cells: RBC, WBC, and Platelets

Specialized CT: Cartilage Rigid tissue with no blood vessels or nerves (heals very slowly!) Functions: Attachment and framework Support and Protection Locations: Between vertebrae External Ear Nose Ends of bones Cells: Chondrocytes

Most Rigid CT. High Vascularized (Can Repair Itself!) Specialized CT: Bone Most Rigid CT. High Vascularized (Can Repair Itself!) Functions: Support and Protection Framework Locations: Bones Cells: Osteocytes

Activity: Try to identify the various types of tissues!

A Tissue #1

Tissue #2

A Tissue #3

A B C Tissue #4

Tissue #5

A Tissue #6

Loose (Areolar) Tissue

Dense Regular

A Adipose Tissue

A B C Blood

Dense Irregular

A Bone