Part II – Torque & Simple Machines

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Presentation transcript:

Part II – Torque & Simple Machines Chapter 7

Why aren’t doorknobs in the middle? Torque Ability to turn something depends on angle applied and distance from pivot as well as size of force

Torque Torque = Force times lever arm T = Fd* Can only use the part of the force perpendicular to the lever arm Units: N·m

Torque

Torque Examples Force produces acceleration Torque produces rotation How can you maximize torque? Pipe wrench, screwdriver

Balanced Torques Examples: Seesaw f D = F d ex: Where would a 600 N boy have to sit in order to balance a 200 N girl who sits 3 m from the fulcrum?

Balanced Torques Examples: Scale Balances ex: Suppose that a meterstick is supported at the center, and a 20 N block is hung at 80 cm. Another block of unknown weight balances the system at the 10 cm mark. What is the weight of the second block?

Simple Machines Purpose of machines? 2 possible purposes Change direction of force Multiply force NEVER does more work

Simple machines (6 of them) Lever Examples? Inclined Plane Examples? Pulley Examples? Wheel & Axle Examples? Wedge Examples? Screw Examples?

Simple Machine Examples Seesaw, lever Pipe wrench, wheels “Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world.” Archimedes

Simple Machines Mechanical advantage - Force out divided by force in MA = Fout/Fin If ignoring friction – Din/Dout

Simple Machines Efficiency – does the machine lose a lot of energy? Work in should equal work out Win = Fin*Din = Fout*Dout = Wout Friction says Win > Wout Efficiency = Wout / Win

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