Erosional/Depositional Systems Running Water/Streams https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8a3r-cG8Wic&app=desktop

Running Water/Streams a. Carrying Power – How much material can the stream hold 1. Solution – dissolved particles 2. Suspension – carrying of fine sediments (they are suspended in water) 3. rolling, sliding or bouncing along the bottom >> Bedload

Velocity of a Stream = speed The _________ the stream, the ______ it can carry ESRT Page __ When a stream slows down, it loses its carrying power and particles are deposited faster more 6

What’s the minimum speed water needs to be moving in order to transport sand? _________ In order to move a particle that is 7.0 cm, a stream’s velocity would need to be at least _________ cm/sec 0.3 cm/sec 200

Velocity is dependent on: i. Gradient - As Gradient (slope) increases, Velocity increases Direct relationship

ii. Discharge the amount of water

Velocity is dependent on: ii. discharge As discharge increases, velocity ____________ increases _________ relationship Direct

Velocity is dependent on: iii. Channel Shape If stream is straight, velocity is greatest in the center just below surface (less friction) Meander = curve of stream or river

Meandering Stream Velocity is faster on _______ outside Velocity is slower on _______ outside inside

If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the outside If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the outside. Therefore, more ________ occurs faster erosion

If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the ________ If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the ________. Therefore, more ________ occurs slower inside deposition

Meandering Streams

Where is erosion greatest? Outside of Curve

Where does the river flow fastest? Center down from surface

Where is deposition greatest? Inside of Curve Mouth of River

Why? lowest velocity

DENT = DEPOSITION ELBOW = EROSION

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0604/es0604page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Based on diagram below, what happens to the size of particles deposited in a large body of water as distance from the mouth increases?

What happens when a stream reaches a large body of water? High potential energy (top of hill) Mouth - where river enters ocean Low potential energy, low velocity Velocity __________ as distance from the mouth ________, ______ particles settle out first decreases increases Large

EROSIONAL EFFECTS A. Particles become round and smooth due to ____________ B. V-shaped Valleys Abrasion

c. Graded Bedding Small Particles Slowest Velocity Fastest Velocity Big Particles

c. Graded bedding

Life Of A Stream NEW OLD MATURE

Life of a Stream Oxbow Lake - cut off from main flow

Oxbow Lakes

Watershed - Area of land drained by one stream Beginning of river Streams that flow into rivers Triangle shaped deposits At mouth A flat land next to a river that is subject to flooding

4,520 square miles of land area within New York State Chenango River (2,796 river/stream miles)

delta What is this?

What is this type of river deposit called? Delta large small

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adlGxr7wovU