Chapter 6 (C): Vision.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 6 (C): Vision

Do-Now (Discussion) Raise your hand if you are either nearsighted or farsighted. What causes Nearsightedness (Myopia) and Farsightedness (Hyperopia)?

Transduction Transduction: Conversion of one form of energy into another Transformation of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells into neural impulses the brain can interpret

The Stimulus Input: Light Energy Visible Spectrum

The Stimulus Input: Light Energy Wavelength: The distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next Hue: Dimension of color that is perceived Determined by the wavelength of light E.g. green, blue

Different wavelengths of light result Wavelength (Hue) Violet Indigo Blue Green Yellow Orange Red 400 nm 700 nm Short wavelengths Long wavelengths Different wavelengths of light result in different colors.

The Stimulus Input: Light Energy Intensity: The amount of energy in a light or sound wave Determined by the wave’s amplitude E.g. brightness (vision), loudness (hearing)

Intensity (Brightness) Blue color with varying levels of intensity. As intensity increases or decreases, blue color looks more “washed out” or “darkened.”

Accommodation Accommodation: The process by which the eye’s lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina

The Eye

The Retina

Receptors in the Human Eye

Demonstration: Rods and Cones When looking at something through your peripheral vision, why is it difficult to determine its color?

The Optic Nerve, Blind Spot, and Fovea

Demonstration: Test Your Blind Spot Directions: Looking at your sheet, close your left eye, and fixate your right eye on the black dot. Move the page towards your eye and away from your eye. At some point the car on the right will disappear due to a blind spot.

Visual Information Processing

Parallel Processing

From Sensation to Recognition

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory and Color Blindness Color Blindness is a genetic disorder, in which people are blind to green or red colors. This supports the Trichromatic Theory. Ishihara Test

Opponent-Process Theory

Opponent-Process Theory

Review When looking at an object, what determines the color and brightness that we perceive? Discuss the path in which light travels between entering the eye and reaching the brain. What is parallel processing? Differentiate between the Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory and the Opponent-Process Theory of vision.