Topic Maps - an introduction by Dino Karabeg Based on Steve Pepper: Topic Maps. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Inf5909ssw-kf Motivation 1 Yr. 1950 Yr. 2000 The Web The Computer Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Inf5909ssw-kf Motivation 2 Now Earlier Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Design ways in which knowledge is organized and created Our goal Design ways in which knowledge is organized and created Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Lecture Plan Introduction to Topic Maps Five questions about (the future of) Topic Maps Topic Maps and Knowledge Federation - Dialog Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Topic Maps The main idea ... REAL WORLD INFORMATION Subject Topic People think in terms of metaphors. Subject Topic ... Documents Dino Karabeg, University of Oslo REAL WORLD INFORMATION

Topic Maps Brief history Puccini Tosca La Scala NY 42nd Str Tosca Is composed by Puccini Tosca Is performed in La Scala Is located in NY 42nd Str Steve R. Newcomb Tosca People think in terms of metaphors. Has opening hours Dino Karabeg, University of Oslo 4 pm - 01 am S. Newcomb, M. Biezunski and M. Bryan, 2000: ISO13250 S. Pepper and G. Moore, 2001: XTM 2003 Extended ISO TM standard

Topic Maps Standards ISO/IEC 13250-2, Topic Maps Data Model ISO/IEC 13250-3, Topic Maps XML Syntax ISO/IEC 13250-4, Topic Maps Canonicalization ISO/IEC 13250-5, Topic Maps Reference Model ISO/IEC 13250-6, Topic Maps Compact Syntax SO/IEC 13250-7, Topic Maps Graphical Notation ISO/IEC 18048, Topic Maps Query Language TOMQL ISO/IEC 19076, Topic Maps Constraint Language, TOMCL ISO/IEC 29111 Expressing Dublin Core Metadata using Topic Maps Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Topic Maps Core Concepts Subject Topic Collocation objective Subject centricity Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Subject Identity Subject (Puccini) Subject identifier Topic (Puccini) http://www.Opera.net/PUccini Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer, b. Lucca 22nd Dec. 1858, d. Bruxelles 29th Nov 1924. Best known for his operas ... Subject identifier Topic (Puccini) Subject indicator Subject identifiers Subject indicators Subject locators Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Topics, Associations and Occurrences Topics represent subjects Associations represent relationships Occurrences link resources to topics Each of these can be typed Topics have names People think in terms of metaphors. University of Oslo Knowledge Federation

Associations Topic types (composer, opera, city) Association types (composed by, born in) Association role types (person, place, work, author) Association types type-instance and supertype-subtype have pre-defined semantics. Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Occurrences ... Resources Topic Occurrence types (biography, date of birth, synopsis, map). ‘Aboutness’ - a particular relationship Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Ontologies Person Subtype of Typing topics Composer Born in Instance of Topics Puccini Documents Typing topics represent an ontology A topic map may contain its ontology Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Scope Expresses the context of validity of an assertion (name, occurrence or association) Expressed as a set of topics which qualify a statement Ex. English vs. Italian language Reification Turning a statement into a subject (topic) Ex. “Tosca takes place in Rome ” as subject for classifying S. Nicassio’s book “Tosca’s Rome” Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

XTM 1.0 Syntax Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Constraint Language TMCL Query Language TMQL SELECT expressions with FOR, WHERE, ORDER BY and RETURN clauses FLWR expressions, with FOR, WHERE, ORDER BY and RETURN clauses and Path expressions, similar to XML Xpath Constraint Language TMCL Defines a language for expressing ontology-based constraints Ex. “All topics of type ‘composer’ must play the role of ‘composer’ in at least one ‘composed by association.” Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

Examples of Application Omnigator Italian Opera Topic Map Apollon, UiO Topic Maps-based digital library Topic Mapping the National Curriculum eGovernment Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo

An Example Student Project Create a Topic-Maps -based prototype of an information infrastructure for organizing the knowledge resources in an academic discipline. People think in terms of metaphors. University of Oslo Knowledge Federation

Thanks! Dino Karabeg, OMS Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo