Social Studies 20 Chapter 6 ULTRANATIONALISM

Endangers international peace Extreme or excessive nationalism ULTRANATIONALISM Endangers international peace Extreme or excessive nationalism May promote racism Ultranationalists glorify national identity May involve contempt for other nations

Russian Ultranationalism Early 1900’s Russia was ruled by an absolute monarchy Russian Revolution in 1918 resulted in the assassination of the czar and a civil war 1928 Joseph Stalin, a communist, emerged as the country’s leader

Life Under Stalin… Under Stalin he created collective farms- small farms were seized, put together, and owed by the state. Anyone who objected was executed or deported to forced labor camps in Siberia or Central Asia (estimated 5 million). Stalin wanted to replace the loyalties of 100 distinct ethnic groups in the Soviet Union with SOVIET NATIONALISM

Stalin and “Enemy’s of the people” Anyone considered to be against Stalin or the Communist Party was exiled to Siberia or executed. Some of these people included: A man who took down a portrait of Stalin to paint a wall An 85yr old woman who made the sign of the cross as a funeral passed A writer who made an insulting comment about Stalin in a provate letter

Ukrainian Famine (Genocide?) Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union, set in motion events designed to cause a famine in the Ukraine to destroy the people there seeking independence from his rule. As a result, an estimated 7,000,000 persons perished in this farming area, known as the breadbasket of Europe, with the people deprived of the food they had grown with their own hands.

Victims of the Ukraine Famine

By mid 1932, nearly 75 percent of the farms in the Ukraine had been forcibly collectivized. Much of the hugely abundant wheat crop harvested by the Ukrainians that year was dumped on the foreign market to generate cash to aid Stalin's Five Year Plan for the modernization of the Soviet Union and also to help finance his massive military buildup. If the wheat had remained in the Ukraine, it was estimated to have been enough to feed all of the people there for up to two years.

Propaganda and Ultranationalism Propaganda- the spreading of carefully selected information, rumors, or ideas to persuade people to support a goal; often biased or distorted. Ultranationalists often use propaganda to manipulate strong human emotions- especially fear and insecurity- and persuade people to behave in certain ways.

Soviet Propaganda

Propaganda often… Calls opponents names (eg. Terrorists) that are designed to arouse people’s anger or fears Play’s down peoples own failures or uses words that hide the true meaning of their actions (eg. Calling their own wars “holy” wars) Uses respected symbols to appeal to peoples values (eg. A cross) Appeals to people’s fears when trying to persuade them to support particular actions (eg. If ‘they’ are not defeated ‘they’ will attack us)