Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Notes November 16, 2018

How do we grow a plant? But is that all????

I. Photosynthesis Where does this happen in the cell? Chloroplasts What type(s) of cell(s) go through this? Plants Chlorophyll inside

C. Process of Photosynthesis What goes in? Sunlight (light Energy) Carbon Dioxide CO2 Water H2O

Photosynthesis What comes out? Sunlight (Light Energy) Glucose C6H12O6 Water H2O Oxygen O2 Carbon Dioxide CO2

D. Chemical Reaction Let’s write the chemical equation on the board!! What are the reactants, What are the products? What type of energy transformations are going on? Light Energy into Chemical Energy

Reaction CO2 + H2O + light O2 + C6H12O6 But it’s not balanced Products Reactants

II. Cellular Respiration A. Where does this occur in the cell? Occurs in Mitochondria B. What type(s) of cell(s) go through this? ALL cells must perform this reaction Not like photosynthesis that only occurs in autotrophs It’s why we breathe

C. Process of Cell Respiration Carbon Dioxide CO2 Glucose C6H12O6 Water H2O Oxygen O2 Energy

D. Chemical Reaction Let’s draw the chemical formula on the board!! What are the reactants, What are the products? What type of energy transformations are going on? Chemical Energy (Food) into Chemical Energy (ATP)

Reaction C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + Energy But it’s not balanced Products Reactants

E. Relationship between Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Two Types of Respiration You are currently taking in oxygen and burning sugars within the mitochondria to release chemical energy. 1. This process is also known as Aerobic Respiration. Why? Oxygen is present which allows your cells to burn glucose into energy much more efficiently

2. Anaerobic Respiration: Respiration with NO OXYGEN PRESENT What would happen if your cells were deprived of oxygen?? Would they still be able to burn glucose to make energy?? YES!! 2. Anaerobic Respiration: Respiration with NO OXYGEN PRESENT a. Example: Fermentation in body cells Long distance runners often create an anaerobic environment for their cells Not a very energy efficient process Bad side effect is produced: Lactic Acid (muscle cramps)

b. A different example of fermentation Breweries rely on this process Yeast cells need energy to survive, so they will breakdown sugars in anaerobic conditions and the byproduct is alcohol How do you know CO2 is produced?

c. Fermentation Basics Anaerobic Animals produce lactic acid and CO2 Plants produce ethyl alcohol and CO2

Efficiency of Types of Cell Respiration Aerobic respiration yields at least 36 ATP Anaerobic nets a measly 2 ATP

Grab your clicker and put away your notes! Let’s Review! Grab your clicker and put away your notes!

Based on the graph, what color is this plant: Green Red Violet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Based on the graph, what colors are best absorbed by this plant: Green and orange Red and violets Violet and green 4. Green and reds 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Based on the graph below, which color light is least absorbed by plants for photosynthesis Red Yellow Green Orange Violet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

What is this graph showing you??

Vacuoles Chloroplasts Mitochondria Ribosomes A scientist wants to study photosynthesis in a newly discovered species. Which of these cell structures should the scientist study? Vacuoles Chloroplasts Mitochondria Ribosomes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Cilia Mitochondria Ribosomes Chloroplasts Muscle cells require more energy than do most other cells. Which organelles would you expect to find in greater abundance in muscle cells than in most other cells? Cilia Mitochondria Ribosomes Chloroplasts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Which of these processes results in carbon dioxide production? Osmosis Respiration Evaporation Photosynthesis 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Osmosis Mitosis Cellular respiration Fermentation Some organisms that live in the intestines of cows do not require oxygen to survive. Which of these best describes the process by which these organisms obtain energy? Osmosis Mitosis Cellular respiration Fermentation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Let’s fill in this chart with the molecules and then the energy transformations _________________________________ _____________________