Behavioral Cycles 1. Behavioral Cycles Many animals respond to periodic changes in the environment with daily or seasonal cycles of behavior. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Synchronized w/ rising and setting of the sun Daily Cycles 2. Daily Cycles Behavioral cycles that occur in daily patterns are called circadian rhythms. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbQ0RxQu2gM Synchronized w/ rising and setting of the sun Circa Diem = approximately a day Regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

# ______ regular robins? Daily Cycles Pair and Share! What is your preferred circadian rhythm, your personal pattern for sleeping and being awake? _____________________________________ 4. Class Poll! # ______ early birds? # ______ night owls? # ______ regular robins? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Common Circadian Cycles Daily Cycles Common Circadian Cycles 5. Diurnal 6. Nocturnal 7. Crepuscular Sleep @ ninght Awake during day Awake @ night Sleep during day Primarily active @ dawn & dusk Illustration: Examples: Catoon: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0ffwDYo00Q

Many animals respond to seasonal changes. Seasonal Cycles Seasonal Cycles Many animals respond to seasonal changes. migration -> a geographic movement cycle dormancy -> a bodily function cycle 9. Both are synchronized with the seasons of the earth.

Seasonal Cycles migration = periodic movement from one place to another and back again. Examples: Green Sea Turtle December  June Feeding grounds along the coast of Brazil to Ascension Island Mating and nesting Sockeye Salmon http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/animals/fish-animals/bony-fish/salmon_sockeye/

Unusual or extreme weather conditions Habitat destruction/ change Seasonal Cycles 12. Monarch Migration http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/kids/animals-pets-kids/bugs-kids/monarch-butterflies-kids/ 300 million 2000 miles NA to Mexico What types of environmental conditions could endanger the Monarch butterflies? Unusual or extreme weather conditions Habitat destruction/ change

How can migration increase an organism’s biological fitness? Seasonal Cycles How can migration increase an organism’s biological fitness? Increased access to food sources Decreased exposure to predators Better temperature control

Seasonal Cycles Dormancy = a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily stopped. Several species are active during warm seasons but enter into dormancy during cold seasons.

Hibernation (mammals) Animals build up fat Seasonal Cycles 17. Types of Dormancy: Hibernation (mammals) Animals build up fat Metabolism slows down – heart can slow down by up to 95% Brumation (reptiles) Metabolism slows down, don’t eat However, they need to drink water Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Hibernation Example: Polar Bears Seasonal Cycles Hibernation Example: Polar Bears http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/animal-planet-presents/videos/natural-world-bear-hibernation.htm Listen for key points. Create a bullet list:

What kinds of stimuli can trigger a dormancy response? Seasonal Cycles What kinds of stimuli can trigger a dormancy response? Lowered temperatures Shorter days 20. How could dormancy increase an animal’s biological fitness? It allows an animal to survive periods when food and other resources may not be available.