Minerals Lecture #5.

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Presentation transcript:

Minerals Lecture #5

Characteristics of Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic (formed from nonliving matter) solid with a crystal structure Building blocks of rocks Rock – combination of minerals

Minerals Seven Properties Color Crystal Form Luster Streak Cleavage Fracture Hardness

Color and Clarity Color Clarity Pyrite – fools gold Transparent – clear Translucent – foggy Opaque - solid

Crystal Structure Number of sides the mineral has Geometric shapes Cube Pyramid Prism

Luster – appearance of mineral in reflective light Metallic Looks like medal, leaves dark streak Nonmetallic Leaves light streak

Streak – color of a minerals powder True color Find the color by rubbing the mineral against a piece of unglazed porcelain tile The color of the mineral and its streak are often different

Cleavage and Fracture Break on surface Cleavage Excellent, good, poor, or absent Cleavage Breaks easily along a flat surface

Conchodial fracture – bowl shape Breaks in an irregular way, curved shapes jagged points Conchodial fracture – bowl shape

Hardness Resistance to scratching Can be determined by a scratch test scratch glass Soft No scratch on glass

Mohs Scale of Hardness

Special properties Calcite Magnetite Halite Reaction to Acid HCl Magnetic Halite salty

Graphite Writes on paper Gypsum Soapy feel

Plagioclase Feldspar Striations (series of parallel lines)