The Scientific Revolution Time: 1500’s – 1700’s AD TERMS Dark Age Gothic Era The Crusades The Renaissance Humanism Reason The Printing Press The Protestant Reformation The Scientific Revolution The Scientific Method Nicolaus Copernicus Geocentric Heliocentic Telescope Galileo Galelei Heresy excommunication Isaac Newton Gravity The Scientific Revolution Time: 1500’s – 1700’s AD Reason & Science Return to Europe

Europe in the Dark Ages 450 – 1200’s AD For Centuries most of Europe had been united under the centralized control of the Roman Empire With the collapse of the Western half of the Roman Empire in 450 Europe quickly slips into a Dark Age Completely decentralized, no central authority to keep order constant warfare & hardship Avg. lifespan = 30 yrs/old Sometime referred to as the Gothic Era The Eastern half of the Roman Empire will stay united and flourish for another 1,000 yrs as the Byzantine Empire Through this chaos the Catholic Church asserts control through its Patriarch (Pope) in Rome In an effort to maintain power the Church keeps strict control over the flow of information in Europe

A Time of Change All 3 challenge established thought The Renaissance (1300’s – 15/1700’s) An Effect of Cultural Diffusion caused by the Crusades of previous Centuries Greco Roman knowledge of the Arts & Sciences is re-introduced to Europe Leads to Humanism  Scientific Method Guttenberg perfects the Printing Press (1440AD) Information can now be shared between intellectuals and news starts to spread fast The Protestant Reformation (1517 – 1600’s) Severely limits the power of the Catholic Church to control information & ideas The Scientific Revolution (1500 – 1700’s) Drastic change in human understanding of the world around them All 3 challenge established thought

Understanding the Solar System Important Scientist & Thinkers Copernicus Theorizes that solar system is actually heliocentric Challenges the Geocentric theories of Ptolemy & the Church Galileo Galilei: Creates the first Telescope Backs up the heliocentric theory with hard evidence from years of observations Isaac Newton: Discovered the existence of Gravity Formulated the Uniform Laws of the Universe

Effects of the Scientific Revolution The power of & faith in the Catholic Church was severely weakened These discoveries revolutionized the way average Europeans thought Began to question the role of religion in education Began to solve life’s problems using logic & reasoning Leads directly to The Enlightenment movement If anything can be solved using reasoning than so can the problems of human societies What is the best way to govern nations? What is the most effective economic system? What is the fairest way to structure society? These new ideas will challenge the authority of Monarchs as well as the Church

Critical Writing Assessment: The Scientific Revolution Each assessment must be written in Paragraph form Describe 3 major events and inventions that helped lead to the Scientific Revolution between 1300 – 1600AD? Describe how the following early scientist change the way Europeans understood the world around them: Nicolaus Copernicus, Galilio Galilei, & Isaac Newton Describe how the Scientific Revolution both further weakens the power of the Catholic Church as well as inspire new movements in thought?