The Roots of Imperialism Chapter 5 Section 1

Focus Question How and why did the United States take a more active role in world affairs in the late 19th/early 20th centuries?

A Definition of Imperialism 1: the extension of one country’s power over others 2: the intense scramble for overseas colonies 3: direct control over vast territories

Imperialism was based on... 1. Economics Western countries wanted new markets and raw materials (rubber, tin, and oil) 2. Gaining an advantage over rivals * Colonies = money and power (Land = Money = Power) * Failure to have colonies = weakness

3. Social Darwinism: Superior races must dominate the weaker and inferior races. 4. Religion and Humanitarianism * White Man’s Burden: concept which said white people had a moral obligation to civilize ignorant people.

Parts of Imperialism 1. Protectorate - a political unit (colony) that depends on someone else for protection 2. Direct Rule – form of rule in which local officials were removed from power and replaced with new officials from the mother country 3. Indirect Rule – form of rule where local officials were allowed to keep their positions of authority but answered to mother country

U.S.’s First Steps Toward World Power Alfred T. Mahan “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History” Called upon U.S. to build a modern naval fleet Mathew Perry Negotiated treaty that opened Japanese trade with America Seward’s Folly Bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million James Blaine First International Pan-American Conference: preached benefits of economic cooperation to 17 Latin American countries

Annexation of Hawaii King Kalakaua amended Hawaiian constitution Limited voting rights to wealthy American landowners Queen Liliuokalani opposed growing U.S. control of the islands Abolished constitution Sanford B. Dole & other planters removed Queen Liliuokalani from power Hawaii annexed as a U.S. territory in 1898 Justification: U.S. needed naval base in Hawaii

Summary Write 1-2 sentences telling teacher what the notes were about.