WATER SAFETY 1. Swim with a buddy 2. Fly a dive flag 3. Wear a life jacket in the boat and stay with the boat if capsized. 4. Know your limits - tired, cold divers make more errors 5. Avoid panic and prepare for emergencies 6. Let someone on shore know your plans

Water temperature is a huge factor for survival that experience, training and safety procedures can not overcome. In fact, it is the most important factor! at 80o indefinite time limit in the water at 60o 2-24 hour time limit at 50o 30 minutes to 3 hours limit at 32o less than one hour limit

SCUBA is an acronym for the Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus invented by Jacques Cousteau -developed during WW II Diver certification is required to avoid the dangers that proper training can prevent.

1. Decompression sickness (the Bends) - caused by surfacing too rapidly for excess nitrogen in your blood to be eliminated by breathing. The result is bubbles that expand and damage body tissue or cause pain. Divers learn to surface slowly and when to make necessary decompression stops. 2. Nitrogen narcosis - at depths, nitrogen is forced into the blood stream and has an anesthetic quality that impairs judgment and may cause the diver to become unconscious. The depth that narcosis occurs depends on the experience of the diver and the length of the dive.

NAUTICAL TERMS Pier Wharf Shore Dock Gunwale Port (Left Side/Red) Transom Bow Stern Waterline Hull Starboard (Right Side/Green)

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS Can Nun left side of channel returning to harbor – green & odd numbers right side of channel returning to harbor – red & even numbers

DAYMARKS - SHALLOW WATER left day mark odd numbers right day mark even numbers

“Red - Right - Returning” is a phrase used remind sailors how to navigate home using navigational aids “Green – Right – Leaving” Knots = term used for speed in nautical mile/hr 1 land mile = 5,280 feet 1 nautical mile = 6076 feet because it is the distance of one minute of latitude or 1/60th of a degree. Three nautical miles is a league and 6 feet is a fathom.

NAUTICAL CHART OF LONG BEACH ISLAND