Earth Science Rocks! Warm up Question: Which are the oldest fossils in this diagram?

Fossil fuels—Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Fossil fuels are non- Renewable resources

Why do we use fossil fuels? Fossil fuels are fuels formed from the organic remains of prehistoric organisms. We burn fossil fuels to produce energy. When these fuels are burned, the energy released can be used to produce electricity, power vehicles and heat homes. They are also important for industrial uses.

Coal The solid fossil fuel that humans use most is coal. Coal is usually extracted in mines. Many developing countries depend on coal for energy because they cannot afford oil or natural gas. China and India are major users of coal energy.

How is coal formed? Coal forms underground over millions of years from partially decomposed plant material. When layers are compacted and heated over time, deposits turn into coal

Oil More than 40% of the world’s energy comes from petroleum (crude oil) products

How is oil formed? Oil is a liquid fossil fuel that formed from the remains of marine microorganisms on the sea floor. After millions of years, the deposits end up in rock and sediment where oil is trapped in small spaces. It can be extracted by large drilling platforms.

MORE WITH OIL… Oil is the most widely used fossil fuel. Commonly used petroleum products are gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, plastics, synthetic fibers, fertilizers, paints and detergents.

Natural gas Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel that is versatile, abundant, and relatively clean compared to coal and oil. Since 1999, use of natural gas has overtaken coal in developed countries.

How is natural gas used? Natural gas is used to generate electricity, create glass, paper and steel. It is also used to heat homes.

Problems with burning fossil fuels Air pollution Can cause acid rain Destroys land Environmental problems (ex: Deepwater Horizon)

Formative Quiz Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable? Name 3 types of fossil fuels What does coal come from? What is one advantage of using natural gas? What is one problem associated with using fossil fuels?

OTHER ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE VS.NON-RENEWABLE

DIFFERENT POLLUTION TYPES

REVIEW TIME

RENEWABLE RESOURCE…

WIND POWER

BIOMASS POWER

SOLAR POWER

GEOTHERMAL POWER

HYDROELECTRIC POWER

NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES…

COAL

NATURAL GAS

PETROLEUM/OIL

NUCLEAR/RADIOACTIVE-ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

OTHER ENERGY SOURCES…GASOHOL

CHEMICAL ENERGY-FUEL CELLS CAN POWER AUTOMOBILES LOW POLLUTION BY FUEL CELLS MORE EFFICIENT

My notes and illustrations… www.georgiapower.com 62% coal for power COAL IS BURNED TO HEAT WATER AND CREATE STEAM, WHICH IN TURN GENERATES POWER AND MOVES TURBINES TO CREATE ELECTRICITY. 15 LAKES FOR HYDROLECTRICITY 18 GENERATING PLANTS AND 20 HYDROELECTRIC DAMS