The Development Gap The development gap is the gap between the rich and poor countries, which some countries are trying to bridge through a number of methods.

Thoughts at this moment in time? Your initial thoughts, about which factors influence development and the development gap… - Thoughts at this moment in time?

War! what is it good for? Effects of war: Country’s economic focus Lack of investment in the social sector Poor education and healthcare Lack of economically active Economic pressure

Global issue- “For every $1 of aid given $9 gets paid in debt As debt increases Poverty pushes people down

WTO Players WTO’s have been crictis by only promoting free trade TNC’s IMF World Bank TNC’s NGO’s Governments WTO’s have been crictis by only promoting free trade

-Thoughts at this moment in time?

Sudan Conflict 2006 November - African Union extends mandate of its peacekeeping force in Darfur for six months. Hundreds are thought to have died in the heaviest fighting between northern Sudanese forces and their former southern rebel foes since they signed a peace deal last year. Fighting is centred on the southern town of Malakal. Date 2003-2009/2010 Location Darfur& Sudan Result Unclear humanitarian catastrophe. start of the civil war in Chad and the central African republic bush war. Low-level violence and banditry continues Truce signed in 2010 2004 September - UN says Sudan has not met targets for disarming pro-government Darfur militias and must accept outside help to protect civilians. US Secretary of State Colin Powell describes Darfur killings as genocide.

Poverty Statistics The poorest 40 percent of the world’s population accounts for 5 percent of global income. The richest 20 percent accounts for three-quarters of world income. If current trends continue, the Millennium Development Goals target of halving the proportion of underweight children will be missed by 30 million children, largely because of slow progress in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa Nearly a billion people entered the 21st century unable to read a book or sign their names

Climate changes effect on countries in poverty "Developing countries, and the poorest people who live in them, are the most vulnerable to climate change. Yet it is also they who are most in need of expanded energy services to meet their growth and development needs. UNDP is working across the world to help developing countries build the capacity needed both to adapt to the impacts of climate change and dramatically expand the reach of affordable, improved energy services to the 2 billion people who currently go without. As global citizens we cannot afford to wait to address these urgent issues." - Mark Malloch Brown We in rich developed countries tend to think of climate change as a threat to our future – but communities in developing countries are feeling its effects now. Poor people are most vulnerable to changes to their environment. Many live in fragile housing on marginal land; rely heavily on agriculture, and lack savings or insurance to recover from a disaster.150,000 people already die every year from health-related effects of climate change By 2050, rising sea levels and crop failures could create 150 million refugees http://www.undp.org/energy/climate.htm

-Thoughts at this moment in time?

Conclusion Through exploring a number of factors it has become clear that there is a notable interaction with each factor. Threats faced in Sudan have exacerbated the situation to a point of high conflict and severe vulnerability. Climate change is a global threat to many developing nations, including Sudan which is facing many major issues such as water shortage, which has heightened conflict and political stability. The economic impacts of a countries debt can only hinder the progress of its development. There are also other impacts which have been highlighted throughout this presentation.