CSA: Getting Started & Reviewing the Literature Gary D. Kinchin, PhD

Find an idea What emerged from the formative task? What are you interested in? What are some questions being asked by colleagues in schools Motivating learners? Developing student leadership? Broadening the curriculum?

Getting started…. Locate some of the key PE research journals European Physical Education Review Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy Journal of Teaching in PE Sport, Education and Society Quest

Look at the recent ‘Table of Contents’ Find and read either a review paper.. Summarises what is known to date Generates possible gaps Suggests areas in need of study…or A recent paper in the area Which can point you to other sources/references Also will offer some avenues which might be investigated

Literature Review Will allow you to present what has already been published Studies can be related by Methodological framework Subjects Procedures Findings

Purpose Define and limit your problem/topic area Offer a historical perspective on the topic and how the field evolved Evaluate promising research methods

Reading and Recording Literature Read, attempt to understand and record relevant information Where you find a paper write down the exact citation APA, Harvard System

Things to Note: Recall the Formative Task Problem, hypothesis Subjects Data collection procedures Research design Major findings Questions raised for further study Additional and relevant sources (from reference list)

Make photocopies of the ones you want to keep Keep note cards Cite accurately (just in case you have to retrieve this again!)

Structure of the Literature Review Introduction Set out the purpose of the review and how it will be organized Body of the Review Includes reference to the relevant sources and research Summary/Conclusions Important implications of the research and directions for future research Where the gaps lie Link to your purpose statement and what you intend to do

The review… Seeks to compare and contrast different authors' views on an issue Collates authors who draw similar findings/conclusions Offers a critique on aspects of methodology Identifies areas in which researchers disagree Highlights seminal studies Reveals gaps in the research Shows how your intended study relates to previous research Shows how your study relates to the literature in general Summarises what the literature says

Problem Statement Specifies what you are asking to keep the literature within limits E.g. What are year 9 pupils’ views on being taught using a tactical approach? Generates descriptors/key words Games of understanding Tactical approach Instructional models Pupils’ voices Assists locating other sources relevant to the topics

Setting out the context of the school Describe and analyse your school context and how it has interpreted a particular initiative [e.g. using different instructional models] What does the Inspection report say about the issue [suggestion the department expands approaches to teaching]