British Literature Mgr. Petr Kalus

ANOTACE Kód DUMu: VY_32_INOVACE_4.AJ.02 Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0114 Vytvořeno: říjen 2012 Ročník: 3. ročník a 4. ročník – čtyřleté gymnázium (RVP-G), Septima a Oktáva – osmileté gymnázium (RVP-G) Anotace: Vzdělávací oblast Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Vzdělávací obor Anglický jazyk Tematický okruh BRITSKÁ LITERATURA Tento materiál byl vytvořen jako osnova pro maturitní okruh: Britská literatura na Gymnáziu a JŠ Svitavy na několik tematicky propojených hodin (pro výklad i opakování – shrnutí učiva). Obsahuje přehled faktografických údajů doplněný o otázky typu multiple-choice, doplňovací i spojovací cvičení. Je primárně zaměřen na dva poslední ročníky gymnázia, i přesto se dá využít i v nižších ročnících osmiletého i čtyřletého studia vcelku nebo jeho jednotlivé části. Pomůcky: interaktivní tabule

BRITISH LITERATURE (1)

Contents What is British literature? Timeline – milestones in British literature Nobel Prize winners Self-check – Have I learnt anything?

What is British literature? The term British literature is widely used for literary works produced by British authors from the British Isles. It includes not only literature from England, but also from Scotland, Nothern Ireland, Wales, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man. The works are mostly written in the English language, although some works are written in Latin, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic etc.

British literature timeline OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE (450-1066) MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE (1066-1485) RENAISSANCE (1485-1660)

British literature timeline RESTORATION LITERATURE (1660-1789) ROMANTIC AGE (1780-1837) VICTORIAN ERA (1837-1901) AND MODERN/POSTMODERN LITERATURE (20TH CENTURY)

Old English literature the earliest form of English, often called Anglo-Saxon literature the greatest literary work from this time is an epic poem called Beowulf (author is unknown) Beowulf vs. Grendel the second most important piece of writing: Anglo Saxan Chonicle: an early history of the country

Grendel and Beowulf (2) (3)

Middle English literature a time of brave knights literature heavily influenced by religion the main fce of literature: moral education the greatest author of the time: Geoffrey Chaucer (nicknamed the father of English poetry) Canterbury Tales: Chaucer’s masterpiece, pilgrims travelling from London to Canterbury

Geoffrey Chaucer and his Canterburry tales (4) (5)

Renaissance characterised by a shift in literature from religious themes to life on earth major themes: human potential, love sonnets and drama written in verse became popular the leading writers of the time were William Shakespeare, John Milton (Paradise Lost), John Donne, Chritopher Marlowe and Andrew Marwell

The greatest Renaissance poets (6) (7)

Restoration revolutionary struggle: King‘s army vs. O. Cromwell an age of reason the origins of English grammar date back to this era 18th century was a real milestone in British literature because it is believed that English novel was born: Robinson Crusoe (1719) by Daniel Defoe is considered the first novel in English literature major writers: Alexander Pope, Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift (Gulliver‘s travels) and Samuel Johnson

Daniel Defoe and Jonathan Swift (8) (9)

Romanticism romanticism has nothing to do with love the romantic hero: lonely, still looking for sth. the stories are set in remote exotic settings the main theme is nature, writers were interested in the natural world around them lyricial balads and gothic novels were very popular major writers: Jane Austen, Mary Shelley (Frankenstein – gothic novel), George Gordon, Lord Byron, Sir Walter Scott, William Wordsworth, William Blake, John Keats

Lord Byron and Mary Shelley (10) (11)

Victorian literature the era was marked by a great conflict between the poor and the rich: depicted in the books by Charles Dickens novels were becoming more and more popular. serialized novels and magazines were extremely popular with readers the books often described society (social problems) authors: Charles Dickens, Oscar Wilde, Rudyard Kipling, The Bronte sisters,Thomas Hardy, G.B. Shaw

Charles Dickens and Oscar Wilde (12) (13)

Modern and post-modern literature a loss of a hero in literature the main theme was technology‘s destruction of society an important literary movement: modernism – writers started writing in a style called a stream of consciousness (e.g. James Joyce, Virginia Woolf) authors: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, George Orwell, D.H. Lawrence, Dylan Thomas, Doris Lessing ... contemporary writers: Zadie Smith, Ian McEwan, Peter Ackroyd

Virginia Woolf James Joyce George Orwell (14) (15) (16)

Zadie Smith and Ian Mcewan (17) (18)

Nobel Prize winners in British literature British literature has always played an important role on the global stage with its iconic personalities such as William Shakespeare, Geoffrey Chaucer, Charles Dickens and many others. many British authors (or authors considering the UK their home) have been awarded The Nobel Prize for their achievements in literature.

Rudyard Kipling (1864-1936) (19) the first English writer that was awarded the Nobel Prize his books often deal with imperial exploits and heroism of British soldiers well-known for Gunga Din, If, The White Man‘s Burden, The Jungle Book (children‘s stories)

John Galsworthy (1897-1933) (20) received the Nobel Prize a year before his death a successful novelist famous for his novel The Forsythe Saga and its sequels A Modern Comedy and End of the Chapter

T.S. Elliot (1888-1965) (21) born in St. Louis, so he was an American but he spent most of his life in Britain. a modernist (stream of consciousness). his famous works include Alfred Prufrock and The Waste Land – depicts the horror of World War One.

Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) (22) one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century awarded the Nobel Prize for his works in philosophy renowned for A History of Western Philosophy, On Denoting, Principia Mathematica

Winston Churchill (1874-1965) the British Prime Minister, well-known for his leadership of Britain during World War Two a great historian and influential writer Works: The Second World War, A History of the English Speaking peoples (23)

William Golding 1911-1993) the leading author of the 20th century (24) the leading author of the 20th century became very influential after the publication of Lord of the Flies – depicting human bestiality Works: The Spire, The Inheritors, Rites of Passage

Harold Pinter (1930-2008) (25) a great dramatist of the second half of the 20th century. his works were appreciated for their psychological insights. a political activist (for free speech, against war). works: The Birthday Party, The Homecoming, Betrayal

Doris Lessing (1919-) awarded the Nobel Prize in 2007 at the age of 88 (the oldest person who received the prize) focused on race relations in the British colony and on female sexuality works: The Grass is Singing, The Golden Notebook, The Good Terrorist, The Sweetest Dream (26)

What is British literature? SELF-CHECK What is British literature? Choose the correct statement: British literature refers to works written in England in the English language British literature refers to all books written in English British literature refers to works coming from the British Isles but some of them are not written in English British literature refers to works from Great Britain, some of them written in minority languages (Welsh, Scottish Gaelic)

Literary period Time Features Authors Old English the earliest form of English 1066-1485 religion, moral codes, brave knights depicted in literature Rennaisance Shakespeare,……………,………….,……………….. 1660-1789 revolution, English novel was born Romantic age exotic settings, gothic novels,interest in nature 1837-1901 20th century

Who is the Nobel Prize winner? Nobel Prize winners Works Who is the Nobel Prize winner? Thomas Dylan Rudyard Kipling Thomas Hardy James Joyce Harold Pinter Doris Lessing G.B. Shaw William Golding T.S. Elliot Bertrand Russel Zadie Smith Winston Churchill George Orwell John Galsworthy The Forsythe Saga The Jungle Book The Waste Land On Denoting The History of English Speaking peoples The Homecoming The Grass is Singing Lord of the Flies

Zdroje a použitá literatura Citace text: (1) GWYNETH, Roberts; THORNLEY. An Outline of English Literature. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2003, ISBN 0-58-74917-4. (2) PEPRNÍK, Jaroslav. Británie a USA Ilustrované Reálie. Olomouc: Nakladatelství Olomouc, 2004, ISBN 80-7182-182-9. (3) EL-HMOUDOVÁ, Dagmar. Angličtina Maturitní Témata. Třebíč: Petra Velanová, 2006, ISBN 978-80-86873-04-6. (4) STOREY, Thomas. Defining English literature: British Nobel Prize Winners [online]. [cit. 17.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://explore.theculturetrip.com/europe/editorials/defining-english-literature-british-nobel-prize-winners-/  

Zdroje a použitá literatura Citace obrázky: (1) MACTOGRAPHER. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stonehenge-Green.jpg> (2) SKELTON. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stories_of_beowulf_grendel.jpg (3)  SKELTON. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stories_of_beowulf_wiglaf_and_beowulf.jpg (4) ONBEKEND. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chaucer.jpg (5)  AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chaucer-canterburytales-miller.jpg?uselang=cs (6) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shakespeare_Flower.jpg   (7) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Milton_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13619.jpg (8) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Daniel-Defoe.jpg (9) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jonathan_swift.jpg (10) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Gordon_Byron.jpg  

Zdroje a použitá literatura (11) REGINALD EASTON. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MaryShelleyEaston3.jpg (12) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Dickens_3.jpg (13) NAPOLEON SARONY. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oscar_Wilde_portrait_by_Napoleon_Sarony_-_albumen.jpg (14) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VirginiaWoolf.jpg (15) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Revolutionary_Joyce_Better_Contrast.jpg (16) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Orwell_press_photo.jpg (17) SHANKBONE, David. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Smith_zadie_2011.jpg (18) JAMESMH2006. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ianmcewan.jpg (19) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rudyard_Kipling.jpg (20) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_galsworthy.jpg

Zdroje a použitá literatura (21) MORRELL, Ottoline. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 16.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T.S._Eliot,_1923.JPG (22) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bertrand_Arthur_William_Russell.jpg?uselang=cs (23) BRITISH GOVERNMENT. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Churchill_HU_90973.jpg (24) AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Golding_1983.jpg (25) СТРУЈАЈОЕ. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinterfoto_cropped.jpg (26) WETZIG, Elke. Wikimedia Commons [online]. [cit. 14.8.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doris_lessing_20060312_%28square%29.jpg