Subatomic Particles Last revised November 16, 2018

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Presentation transcript:

Subatomic Particles Last revised November 16, 2018 Chapter 4 Part II Subatomic Particles Last revised November 16, 2018

Determining the number of Protons and Electrons

Atomic #→ # Protons→# e- when neutral Isotopes→ Atoms of same element with different # of neutrons Mass #→ Atomic mass rounded off to a whole number

Electron Cloud Model

Calculating Average Atomic Mass Mass# - Atomic # = # Neutrons Atomic Mass = Average of all isotopes of an element (Do examples 4-3 pg. 103)

Determine the number of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons in: Na Fe Br

2n2 and energy levels Principal Quantum Number and Energy Levels n = Energy Level Maximum Number of e- that fit into an energy level 1 2 8 3 18 4 32 5 50 6 72 7 98 2n2 and energy levels

Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Rxn. →Involve changes in atom’s nucleus Radiation- Rays and particles emitted from radioactive material (unstable nuclei) Nuclear Reactions

Alpha ( α )- radiation deflected toward negative charge made of alpha particles Beta ( β )- Deflected toward positive charged plate made up of beta particles Gamma (γ ) High-energy radiation No electric charge not deflected Types of Radiation

Nuclear Equations- New element created due to nuclear reactions Both mass # and atomic # must be conserved 226 88 𝑅𝑎 → 222 86 𝑅𝑛 + 4 2 𝐻𝑒 (𝛼 alpha particle) 14 6 𝐶 → 14 7 𝑁 + 0 −1 β (β beta particle) 238 92 𝑈 → 234 90 𝑇ℎ + 4 2 𝐻𝑒 + 2 0 0 𝛾 (γ gamma particle no mass)