Ch 15 Notes Sections 2-3.

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Presentation transcript:

Ch 15 Notes Sections 2-3

“Gilded Age” 1783 novel by Mark Twain and Charles Warner Term refers to time from 1870 -1900 Term “gilded” refers to something being gold on the outside and cheaper on the inside Authors tried to point out that although this was a time of growth, beneath the surface were corruption, poverty, and a huge gap between the rich and the poor

Urbanization Migration to cities Tough working conditions but still saw an improvement in standards of living Cities had more to offer than rural life. Better paying jobs, bright lights, running water, modern plumbing, better schools, museums, libraries, theaters, amusement parks, and more

Separation of Class Clear boundaries on where classes lived Wealthy in elaborate houses in heart of city Middle class – away from city (facilitated by mass transit) Working class poor – city tenements

Urban Problems Increase in crime, fire, disease, and pollution Increase in murder rate Native-born Americans blamed immigrants for the increase in crime.* Alcohol contributed to crime. Contaminated drinking water from improper sewage disposal resulted in epidemics of typhoid fever and cholera.

Urban Politics New political system needed to cope with urban problems. Political machine an informal political group designed to gain and keep power provided essentials to city dwellers in exchange for votes

Party Bosses Ran the political machines Had tight control over city’s money Many became rich due to fraud or graft Most famous political machine = Tammany Hall Run 1860s and 1870s by William Marcy Tweed (Boss Tweed) Arrested and sent to prison for corruption in 1874

Thomas Nast

Nast’s “Boss Tweed” Nast's drawings depicted Boss Tweed as a corrupt politician. Nast's attacks were so relentless that at one point Tweed dispatched his cronies with instructions to, "Stop them damn pictures. I don't care what the papers write about me. My constituents can't read. But, damn it, they can see the pictures." It was also reported that Tweed offered Nast bribes to "take an extended European vacation" in order to try and get the pictures to stop.