WHY CLASSIFY?.

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Classification of Living Things

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Classification of Living Things

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Presentation transcript:

WHY CLASSIFY?

Classification the grouping of information or objects based on Taxonomy is the science of grouping and naming organisms. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.

We only know about a fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth. Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alive today or extinct. The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek.

What is classification? Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.

Devil Cat

Mountain Lion

Florida Panther

Ghost Cat

Cougar

Catamount

Screaming Cat

There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 7 slides. Common names vary according to region. Soooo……why use a scientific name?

Early classification systems Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved

The modern classification system : Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Consists of 7 levels: Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Helpful way to remember the 7 levels King Philip Came Over For Grape Soda. King Philip Came Over For Green Skittles.

Binomial Nomenclature Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Two-name system: First name is the organism’s genus Second name is the organism’s species

What rules are used to write scientific names? The first letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalized The first letter of the species is NEVER capitalized Scientific names of organisms are always italicized or underlined

Using the Classification System Field guides help identify organisms. -they highlight differences between similar organisms (like trees) Taxonomic Key (Dichotomous Key) -paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms

What steps would you use to identify a peach? Taxonomic Key 1a Fruits occur singly ....................................................... Go to 3 1b Fruits occur in clusters of two or more ......................... Go to 2 2a Fruits are round ....................................................... Grapes 2b Fruits are elongate ................................................... Bananas 3a Thick skin that separates easily from flesh .............Oranges 3b Thin skin that adheres to flesh .............................. Go to 4 4a More than one seed per fruit ............................ Apples 4b One seed per fruit ............................................ Go to 5 5a Skin covered with velvety hairs .................... Peaches 5b Skin smooth, without hairs ........................... Plums What steps would you use to identify a peach?