Land Use Planning - Goals Discuss land use planning Explain the importance of transportation choices Differentiate green building from traditional building

Sustainable Cities

Land Use Planning Land Use Planning: determining in advance how land will be used Where do we put houses, schools, businesses, roads, factories, etc. What land should be left open?

Land Use Planning City planners attempt to design cities that both work well and look and feel appealing. Zoning: Classification of land areas for different types of development and land use An area can be mixed use or single use. Involves restrictions on the use of private land

Land Use Plan

Infrastructure Infrastructure: all the things we build to support living Buildings Roads Sewers Water Treatment Plants Power Plants Environmental/ societal costs?

Smart Growth Focuses on economic and environmental approaches to avoiding sprawl Builds “up,” not “out” Maintains open spaces by redeveloping existing urban areas, waterfronts, and industrial sites

Smart Growth Seeks to design neighborhoods that minimize the need to drive Requires good public transportation systems

Transportation

Smart Growth: Transportation Public transportation a key factor in the quality of urban life Buses, subways, trains more efficient, less polluting than cars Cities encourage mass transit with fuel taxes, vehicle taxes, rewarding carpoolers, and encouraging bicycle and bus use.

Explain what this graph shows

Busses Advantages Disadvantages More flexible than rail system Can be rerouted as needed Cost less to develop and maintain than heavy-rail system Can greatly reduce car use and pollution Can lose money because they need low fares to attract riders Often get caught in traffic unless operating in express lanes Commit riders to transportation schedules Noisy

Trains Advantages Disadvantages More energy efficient than cars Produce less air pollution than cars Require less land than roads and parking areas for cars Cause fewer injuries and deaths than cars Reduce car congestion in cities Expensive to build and maintain Cost effective only along a densely populated narrow corridor Commit riders to transportation schedules Can cause noise and vibration for nearby residents

Bicycles Advantages Disadvantages Affordable Produce no pollution Quiet Require little parking space Easy to maneuver in traffic Take few resources to make Very energy efficient Provide exercise Little protection in an accident Do not protect riders from bad weather Not practical for trips longer than 8 kilometers (5 miles) Can be tiring (except for electric bicycles) Lack of secure bike parking

Did You Know? Paris, France removed 200,000 parking spaces to encourage the use of public transportation within the city.

Bike Parking Garage Netherlands Bike lanes in NYC

Green Building The goals of a green building are to save energy and resources without sacrificing people’s comfort.

Land Use - Review Discuss land use planning Explain the importance of transportation choices Differentiate green building from traditional building

Section 3 Quiz 1) Which of the following is a principle of smart growth? protecting wildlife habitats B. focusing development outside of existing urban centers C. creating neighborhoods best suited for cars D. building up, not out

2) Which form of transportation uses the most energy per passenger-mile? commuter rail automobile bus D. heavy rail

3) One of the results of green building design is reduced use of mass transit. B. energy bills. sprawl around major cities. D. personal space and comfort.

4) Which statement about sustainable cities is true. A 4) Which statement about sustainable cities is true? A. They can help improve the standard of living for residents. B. No major cities have made significant progress toward sustainability yet. C. They are only successful in the developed world. D. They often help encourage sprawl.

5) Transportation systems, communications systems, water services, power supplies, and schools are all examples of infrastructure. rural areas. ecological footprints. land use.

Short Answer 6) Propose a how a city government could encourage the use of bicycles.

Short Answer 7) What are two ways governments can encourage the use of mass transit?

8) Summarize the main idea of this graph in one sentence.