The West Myth v. Reality Chapter 4

When you think of the West, what do you think of?

Mr. Clegg Thinks big cowboys Native Americans Rough country mountains desert Great Plains cows/buffalo outlaws guns ranches rivers railroads

Perspectives on the West “America the Beautiful” song Manifest Destiny - John O’Sullivan “Buffalo Soldier” song – Bob Marley Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Phil Sheridan of the U.S. Army

Name that Song! “O beautiful for spacious skies, For amber waves of grain, For purple mountain majesties Above the fruited plain! America! America! God shed his grace on thee And crown thy good with brotherhood From sea to shining sea! “O beautiful for pilgrim feet Whose stern impassioned stress A thoroughfare of freedom beat Across the wilderness! America! America! God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy soul in self-control, Thy liberty in law!

Important Terms Frontier Manifest Destiny “Go West Young Man” Open and Free Range Cowboys Railroads (Transcontinental RR) Native Americans Reservations

Review of Last Year

Review of Last Year

I. Events in Western History 1803 Louisiana Purchase 1803-1805 Lewis and Clark Exploration 1830s Trail of Tears (forced removal of Nat. Am. From East to the West) 1836-1845 Lone Star Republic (Texas independence from Mexico) 1845-1849 President James K. Polk “Oregon Country” divided between Britain and U.S. U.S. Annexes Texas Mexican-American War - Mexican Cession

Review Continues

More Events 1849 California Gold Rush 1856 “Bleeding Kansas” 1861-1865 Civil War Battle of Glorieta Pass (Texans invasion of West defeated by Union forces) Raiders and cavalry skirmishes 1862 Homestead Act 1862 Pacific Railway Act

What is the American Frontier? “Open” Land that was free to settle for Americans from 1492-1890. Conflicts arose with Native Americans over land. The frontier closes in the 1890 census.

How was the West valuable to America? Natural resources gold/silver - lumber - iron oil - coal - minerals Valuable land farms ranch Strategic location Important rivers Important ports on the Pacific Ocean Dreams Manifest Destiny Opportunities - A new life for many Americans

What is meant by Americans when they say “Go West, Young Man!”? The West offers more land, new opportunities, or a second chance at life. (Horace Greeley wrote this quote. He owned newspapers and ran for president in Election of 1872.)

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B. The Settlers 1. Miners Why did they move West? To get rich by finding gold or silver. What effect did they have on the West? Many Americans quickly move to the West Boomtowns and Ghost Towns States created rapidly such as California

B. The Settlers 2. The Ranchers Why did they move West? “Cowboys” moved West for a job that allowed a great amount of freedom to life What effect did they have on the West? Increase meat in the food supply in America for factory workers. Developed “cow towns” near railroad in Kansas. Help Chicago become a leading city where the cows were slaughtered then shipped it East by rail.

B. The Settlers 3. The Farmers Why did they move West? To get their own land for farms. What effect did they have on the West? Greatly increased the food supply in America. Settled the Great Plains and created more states. Created the Populist Political Party.

Who will win?

C. New Events – To The Reservation 1868 Treaty of Laramie (Sioux & US agree that reservation to include the Black Hills) 1869 Completion of Transcontiental RR 1870 Custer’s Last Stand (Sioux victory) 1886 Geronimo Surrenders (Apache leader) 1887 Dawes Act 1887 Chief Joseph and Nez Perce failed escape 1889 Oklahoma Land Rush (Amer. Frontier closed) 1891 Massacre at Wounded Knee

Flagstaff, Az

Deadwood

Oil rigs in Oklahoma

Land Rus

US Army

Wild West Show -

Essential Questions What were the causes and effects of mining booms in the West? How did cattle ranchers and farmers adapt to life in the West? How did westward expansion affect Native Americans? Why did economic reform movements develop in the late 1800s?

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/codhtml/hawpsubjindex1.html http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award98/ienhtml/curthome.html http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/eight/68_01.htm