IV. Russian Revolution

A. War on the Eastern Front Eastern Front – Battlefields along Russia & Germany 1914 – Russian forces attack both Germany & Austria Loss battles to both armies

1916 – The entire Russian effort was near collapse Russian army was continually short on food, guns, ammunitions, and clothing

B. Revolution Nicholas II – Czar of Russia at start of World War I Russian troops were no match for highly trained German troops Defeat followed defeat Destroyed troops morale and food and fuel supply in Russia dwindled

Family of Nicholas II

C. Czar Steps Down March Revolution – 200,000 workers swarmed the streets of Petograd Soldiers were told to shoot them but instead sided with them March 15, 1917 – Nicholas II is forced to step down Royal family is later executed

D. Bolshevik Revolution Provisional government keeps fighting in World War I Bolsheviks – Revolutionary Russian Marxist led by Vladimir Lenin

Lenin promises Russians “land, peace, & bread”

E. Lenin in Power Farmland is distributed among the peasants Gave control of factories to the workers Renames the Bolshevik party to the Communist Party

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 1918) – Stops all fighting between Germany and Russia

F. Results of Russia’s Withdraw Without Russia, Germany was able to send all of their troops to the Western Front Russia becomes the Soviet Union as a result of these revolutions