Peter Samuelsson, Sara Kheradsoud, Björn Sothmann

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Presentation transcript:

Optimal quantum interference thermoelectric heat engine with edge states Peter Samuelsson, Sara Kheradsoud, Björn Sothmann APCTP-KIAS Workshop on Motors and Engines June 2018 P. Samuelsson, S. Kheradsoud, B. Sothmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 256801 (2017) .

Outline Thermoelectrics and edge state transport Heat to electric energy conversion Mesoscopic and nanoscale thermoelectrics Edge state thermoelectrics Coherent thermoelectrics Coherence enhanced performance. Optimal performance. Double-slit interferometer. Close-to-optimal edge state implementation Mach Zehnder interferometer with side-coupled dot. Transmission properties, power and efficiency. Close-to-optimal performance.

Outline Thermoelectrics and edge state transport Heat to electric energy conversion Mesoscopic and nanoscale thermoelectrics Edge state thermoelectrics Coherent thermoelectrics Coherence enhanced performance. Optimal performance. Double-slit interferometer. Close-to-optimal edge state implementation Mach Zehnder interferometer with side-coupled dot. Transmission properties, power and efficiency. Close to optimal performance.

Heat to electric energy conversion Thermoelectric heat engine Semiconductor thermocouple Grand idea: Conversion of waste heat to electric energy Figure of merit Heremans et al., Nat. Nano. 2013 Going nano Hicks, Dresselhaus, PRB 1993 Low dimensionality Size quantization Strongly energy dependent transport

Nanoscale thermoelectric heat engines Multi terminal heat engines Roche et al., Nat. Comm. 2015 Properties Separated heat and electric current flows Rectification of fluctuations Thierschmann et al., Nat. Nano. 2015

Edge state thermoelectrics Edge state transport, integer quantum Hall effect Quantum Classical Nernst effect Three terminal heat engine Sanchez, Sothmann, Jordan, PRL 2015 Sothmann, Sanchez, Jordan, EPL 2014

Outline Thermoelectrics and edge state transport Heat to electric energy conversion Mesoscopic and nanoscale thermoelectrics Edge state thermoelectrics Coherent thermoelectrics Coherence enhanced performance. Optimal performance. Double-slit interferometer. Close-to-optimal edge state implementation Mach Zehnder interferometer with side-coupled dot. Transmission properties, power and efficiency. Close-to-optimal performance.

Coherence enhanced performance Quantum dots/molecules Mach-Zehnder interferometer Rolleau et al. PRL 2008 Transport through two-level system Heat engine proposal Hofer, Sothmann, PRB 2015 Karlström et al, PRB 2011 Bergfield, Stafford, Nano Lett. 2009

Optimal performance Maximizing output power Efficiency Optimal transmission properties Maximizing output power Step function in energy Efficiency At maximum power Curzon-Ahlborn limited Whitney, PRL 2014 Q1: Can a purely interference based TE-heat engine be optimal?

Double slit interferometer Generic interferometer Scattering amplitude Phase due to Aharanov-Bohm, .. No individual TE-effect Energy independent Energy dependence Scattering probability

Double slit interferometer Conditions for optimal performance Symmetric interferometer, . Sharp phase jump for Q1: Can a purely interference based TE-heat engine be optimal? A1: Yes Q2: Is there a possible experimental realization of such optimal engine (with edge states)?

Outline Thermoelectrics and edge state transport Heat to electric energy conversion Mesoscopic and nanoscale thermoelectrics Edge state thermoelectrics Coherent thermoelectrics Coherence enhanced performance. Optimal performance. Double-slit interferometer. Close-to-optimal edge state implementation Mach Zehnder interferometer with side-coupled dot. Transmission properties, power and efficiency. Close to optimal performance.

Mach-Zehnder with capacitor Properties Quantum point contacts Mesoscopic capacitor Contacts Interferometer Total transmission amplitude Scattering phase at MC

Transmission properties Semitransparent splitters (symmetric condition), Effective phase shift for

Transmission properties Phase dependent symmetries Filter analogy, , Ripple Transition width, roll-off

Thermoelectric scattering theory Linear response theory (non-interacting), charge and heat currents Butcher, 1990 Thermodynamic forces where Onsager matrix where

Power and efficiency Maximum power generated, with respect to voltage Efficiency at maximum power

Close-to-optimal performance Optimal, single mode performance (step function transmission) for Numerical optimization Optimizing over Parameters Values 90% 83%

Show-stoppers? Dephasing Asymmetry Survives for moderate dephasing strength Zero for complete dephasing. Not very sensitive to arm length asymmetry

Conclusions Interference-only thermoelectrics potentially optimal Close-to-optimal performance in edge-state setup Not very sensitive to dephasing and asymmetry P. Samuelsson, S. Kheradsoud, B. Sothmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. In press.