US History: Spiconardi

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Presentation transcript:

US History: Spiconardi The Judicial Branch US History: Spiconardi

The Supreme Court Final authority in the federal court system Comprised of 1 chief justice and 8 associate justices (originally 1 & 5) Number can change via congressional legislation

* Appointed by President * Confirmed by Senate * Lifetime Term Roberts, Chief Justice (R) Breyer (D) Thomas (R) Bader Ginsburg (D) Alito (R) Kennedy (R) Stevens (D) Scalia (R) Souter (D) The Justices * Appointed by President * Confirmed by Senate * Lifetime Term

How do cases reach the Supreme Court? Original Jurisdiction Cases involving foreign ambassadors or disputes among states Appellate Jurisdiction In a lower court, if the losing side believes a judge made a mistake in applying the law in a case, that case may be appealed to a higher court. vs.

Between 5,000 & 7,000 cases are appealed to the Supreme Court every year Only 150 are heard Clerks review cases Pass on to Justices 4 justices must agree to review the case Cases heard Mondays, Tuesdays, & Wednesdays from October to June

Judicial Review Role of Judicial Branch is not described in much detail in the Constitution Considered the weakest of the three branches until 1803 =

Judicial Review Marbury v. Madison Establishes the principal of judicial review Judicial review enables the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws and strike down those that are unconstitutional

Federal Courts: District Courts Criminal Federal laws only Kidnapping across state lines Drug transporting Mail fraud Tax evasion Counterfeiting $ Civil Claims against the federal government Constitutional rights (i.e. free speech)

Federal Courts: Appellate Courts Considers court decisions in which the losing side has asked for a review of the verdict Can overturn a verdict Order a retrial